objective: oxidative stress damages cells and brings about the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion injury. this study was carried out to investigate the preconditioning and cardio protective potential effects of crocin and vitamin e by the enos and inos express gene in ischemia/reperfusion in rats. material & methods: male rats were divided into seven groups, namely: sham, control group and ex...

The purpose of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism walnut peptide LPF in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells model. down-regulated phagocytic ability and production nitric oxide (NO) induced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7. Molecular docking analysis showed that can bind into active pocket inducible synthase (iNOS) with high affinity. Further, mRNA expression (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (C...

The reaction between reducing sugars and protein free amines, known as the Maillar reaction results in the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). AGE modification changes the structure of proteins to amyloid cross-beta structure. These protein structures can activate receptors known as RAGE on glial cells (microglia and astrocytes), and induce the expression of inducible nitric oxi...

the inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), cyclooxygenase 2 (cox-2) and nuclear factor-κb (nf-κb) production are research targets of attract in the field of anti-inflammatory drug development. therefore, this study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of novel thiazolidinone derivatives using a cellular model of lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated murine ...

The reaction between reducing sugars and protein free amines, known as the Maillar reaction results in the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). AGE modification changes the structure of proteins to amyloid cross-beta structure. These protein structures can activate receptors known as RAGE on glial cells (microglia and astrocytes), and induce the expression of inducible nitric oxi...

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) contributes importantly to septic pulmonary protein leak in mice with septic acute lung injury (ALI). However, the role of alveolar macrophage (AM) iNOS in septic ALI is not known. Thus we assessed the specific effects of AM iNOS in murine septic ALI through selective AM depletion (via intratracheal instillation of clodronate liposomes) and subsequent AM r...

the present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of gallic acid on gastric mucosal lesions caused by ischemia-reperfusion (i/r) injury in rat. forty male rats were randomly divided into sham, control (i/r injury) and three gallic acid-pretreated groups. to induce i/r lesions, the celiac artery was clamped for 30 min and then the clamp was removed to allow reperfusion for 6 hr. pretreat...

The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of gallic acid on gastric mucosal lesions caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat. Forty male rats were randomly divided into sham, control (I/R injury) and three gallic acid-pretreated groups. To induce I/R lesions, the celiac artery was clamped for 30 min and then the clamp was removed to allow reperfusion for 6 hr. Pretreat...

Background and Aims: Cells and secreted molecules by the innate immune system are the essential factors in the pathogenesis and determining the severity of inflammation in COVID-19 patients. Severe inflammation results from increased activity of neutrophils, macrophages, and other cells with their products. Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increases the severity an...