Generalized variance is applied for determination of dispersion in a multivariate population and is a successful measure for concentration of multivariate data. In this article, we consider constructing confidence interval and testing the hypotheses about generalized variance in a multivariate normal distribution and give a computational approach. Simulation studies are performed to compare thi...

This paper generalizes the notion of monotonicities to opposition properties (OPs). Some propositions regarding the OPs of determiners will be proposed and proved. We will also define the notion of OP-chain and deduce a condition that enables us to determine the OPs of an iterated quantifier in its predicates based on the OPs of its constituent determiners.

ion is a gifted capability of human beings. Abstraction is a basic cognitive process of the brain at the meta cognitive layer according to the Layered Reference Model of the Brain (LRMB) (Wang, 2003a, 2007c; Wang, Liu, & Wang, 2003, 2006). Only by abstraction can important theorems and laws about the objects under study be elicited and discovered from a great variety of phenomena and empirical ...