introduction: the cholinergic system plays an important role in learning and memory. administration of either extracts of crocus sativus (saffron) or its constituent, crocin, reduced ethanol-induced memory impairment. based on the above findings, we investigated the effect of crocin in antagonizing spatial learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine, a cholinergic receptor antagonist,...

introduction: it has been reported that acute administration of morphine impairs learning and memory processes in rats. furthermore, recent studies showed that saffron extract improved ethanol-induced impairments of learning behaviors in mice, and also prevented ethanol-induced inhibition of hippocampal long-term potentiation. it can be postulated that there are some common mechanisms responsib...

Introduction: It has been reported that acute administration of morphine impairs learning and memory processes in rats. Furthermore, recent studies showed that Saffron extract improved ethanol-induced impairments of learning behaviors in mice, and also prevented ethanol-induced inhibition of hippocampal long-term potentiation. It can be postulated that there are some common mechanisms respon...

introduction: a large body of evidence points to oxidative stress as prime candidate mediating the behavioral impairments and memory deficits in alzheimer's disease (ad). it has been demonstrated that hyperoxia preconditioning activates complex endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms including an increase in capacity of antioxidant defence mechanisms. the aim of this study was to investigate...

objective(s): crocin influences many biological functions including memory and learning. the present study was aimed to investigate the effects of crocin on learning and memory impairments in streptozotocine-induced diabetic rats. materials and methods: diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of streptozotocin (stz, 45 mg/kg). transfer latency (tl) paradigm in elevated plus-maze ...

Previous studies have shown that caffeine has beneficial effects on cognitive impairment in sleep deprived male rats. Therefore in the present study, we examined the effects of chronic caffeine administration on learning and memory impairments induced by sleep deprivation (SD) in the intact and ovarectomized (OVX) female rats. Two sets of animals including intact and OVX were randomly recruited...

previous studies have shown that caffeine has beneficial effects on cognitive impairment in sleep deprived male rats. therefore in the present study, we examined the effects of chronic caffeine administration on learning and memory impairments induced by sleep deprivation (sd) in the intact and ovarectomized (ovx) female rats. two sets of animals including intact and ovx were randomly recruited...

abstract background and objective: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a weakening neurodegenerative disorder typified by increased b-amyloid (ab) deposition and neuronal dysfunction causing to impaired learning and memory. among proposed risk factors, induced oxidative stress is a main cause for incidence of the disease. the aim of this study was to determine the effects of the rosmarinic acid on lear...

Background: Opioids have been shown to affect learning and memory processes. Different protocols of morphine withdrawal can substantially vary in their success to prevent opioid induced impairments of cognitive performance. In the present study, we report the effects of single and repetitive ultra-rapid detoxification (URD) on spatial learning and memory in morphine addicted rats. Methods: Morp...