This chapter is concerned with the impact of traffic correlations on the end-to-end delay of packets in a chain of IP routers represented by an open tandem queueing system. Particular consideration is given to Kleinrock’s independence assumption on the performance impact of traffic correlation on packet switched networks with Poisson arrival processes and exponential packet length distributions...

Binary logistic regression is a versatile statistical tool for analyzing binary responses in a wide range of disciplines (see Statnews #44 for an introduction to logistic regression). Similar to ordinary least squares regression, one key assumption in regular binary logistic regression is that observations are independent of each other. Violations of the assumption of independence of observatio...

Abstract Bell’s theorem is often said to imply that quantum mechanics violates local causality, and causality cannot be restored with a hidden-variables theory. This however only correct if the theory fulfils an assumption called Statistical Independence. Violations of Independence are commonly interpreted as correlations between measurement settings hidden variables (which determine outcomes)....

Observers completed perceptual categorization tasks that included separate base-rate/payoff manipulations, corresponding simultaneous base-rate/payoff manipulations, and conflicting simultaneous base-rate/payoff manipulations. Performance was (a) closer to optimal for 2:1 than 3:1 base-rate/payoff ratios, and when base-rates, as opposed to payoffs were manipulated, and (b) was more in line with...

 Many Limit Theorems, Convergence Theorems and Characterization Theorems in Probability and Statistics, in particular those related to normal distribution , are based on the assumption of independence of two or more random variables. However, the full power of independence is not used in the proofs of these Theorems, since it is the distribution of summation of the random variables whic...

in this paper, we extend and generalize some recent results on the strong laws of large numbers (slln) for pairwise independent random variables [3]. no assumption is made concerning the existence of independence among the random variables (henceforth r.v.’s). also chandra’s result on cesàro uniformly integrable r.v.’s is extended.