an experimental inactivated oil-emulsion h9n2 avian influenza vaccine was formulated with 3 parts ofinactivated avian influenza antigen a/chicken/iran/101/1998(h9n2) emulsified in 7 parts of oil adjuvant.twelve week-old specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens were divided into seven groups of 10 birds. sixgroups were vaccinated with 1, 1/10th, 1/50th, 1/100th, 1/200th and 1/400th field dose of th...

The experiments aimed to develop the inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine in the form of water in oil (WO) and water in oil in water (WOW) using palm oil, which is easily found in tropical countries, and to study the effect of vitamin E in the form of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate for improving the efficacy of inactivated ND vaccine prepared from palm oil. Two hundred and twenty, thirty five da...

a study has been carried out for determining of cross-immunity between massachusetts (mass) m41 and iranian ir/773/2001 (793/b) strains of infectious bronchitis virus. two groups of 20 three weeks old spf chickens vaccinated subcutaneously with two oil-emulsions inactivated infectious bronchitis vaccines (mass m41 and iranian ir/773/2001 strains) that had been manufactured in razi institute in ...

Protective parameters of embryonated egg adapted, Montanide-adjuvanted, inclusion body hepatitishydropericardium syndrome (IBH-HPS), formalin inactivated, and commercial oil-based vaccines, were recorded and analyzed in the present study. Efficacy of the vaccines was tested on the basis of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, challenge protection against IBH-HPS agent, mean body weight, ...

The immunologie efficacy of inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines against Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) by use of embryo vaccination technology was evaluated. The vaccine antigens were prepared from LaSota strain of ND and H9N2 strain of AI viruses. These antigens were emulsified with an oil adjuvant. 18-day-old embryonated eggs from Aryan broiler breeder were divided into three g...

Most commercial vaccines offered to the aquaculture industry include inactivated antigens (Ag) formulated in oil adjuvants. Safety concerns are related to the use of oil adjuvants in multivalent vaccines for fish, since adverse side effects (e.g., adhesions) can appear. Therefore, there is a request for vaccine formulations for which protection will be maintained or improved, while the risk of ...

An experimental inactivated oil-emulsion H9N2 avian influenza vaccine was formulated with 3 parts ofinactivated avian influenza antigen A/Chicken/Iran/101/1998(H9N2) emulsified in 7 parts of oil adjuvant.Twelve week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were divided into seven groups of 10 birds. Sixgroups were vaccinated with 1, 1/10th, 1/50th, 1/100th, 1/200th and 1/400th field dose of th...

Two oil emuisified vaccines of Newcaslte disease were prepared from Lasota strain. The virus was propagated in 9-day-old chicken embryos through allantoic route. The haemagglutination titre of the allantoic fluid used for vaccine preparation was 2048. The fluid was inactivated by 0.1 per cent f nal concentration of formalin at 37 oc for 6 hours. Inactivated allantoic fluid was emulsified with a...

Immunity assays in guinea-pigs based on spleen mass: body mass ratios showed that live vaccines were markedly more effective than inactivated oil adjuvant vaccines in providing protection against challenge with 5 000 virulent organisms.