like other religions, there are various currents in imami shiite in the first centuries. this article, relying on discourse analysis and by concentrating on oppositions, attempts to identify the internal shiite currents in iraq and iran in the second and third centuries. according to historical evidences, the opposition between school of hisham ibn al-hakam and majority of shia, which was schoo...

muslim theologians in the holy quran and the practice of what he describes as an alternative or used god's name, name (plural nouns) is called god. whether the names and attributes of god referred to in the qur'an, the sunnah and the consensus is not seized or the names of allah, is bound to be mentioned in the sources,among the important difference scholars of the islamic world, espe...

todd lawson in article hermeneutic interpretation of pre-islamic and shiite، attempts to describe and assess the historical development of hermeneutics the twelver shia interpretation. this article is based on the shia interpretation of the phenomena of contemporary hermeneutics four province-based، compromise، mystical and esoteric (deafness hermeneutic) and philosophical - has lived provinces...

Shikimate can be utilized as the sole source of carbon and energy of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Although biosynthesis and degradation of shikimate are well characterized in C. glutamicum, the transport of shikimate has hardly been studied. A mutant strain deficient in cgR_2523 loses the ability to grow on shikimate as well as to consume extracellular shikimate, indicating that the gene is invo...

Shigella spp. are the causative agent of bacillary dysentery. Infection results in acute colonic injury due to the host inflammatory response. The mediators of the damage, infiltrating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), also resolve the infection. Shigella flexneri's virulence effectors are encoded on its large virulence plasmid and on pathogenicity islands in the chromosome. The SHI-2 pathoge...