Contents 1. Introduction 2. Bacteria, their viral parasites, and their protozoan predators 3. Adding a phytoplankton competitor to the bacteria 4. Opening the model to export and import 5. The concept of characteristic time scales and hierarchical dynamic systems 6. Adding a diatom-copepod food chain 7. Higher trophic levels 7.1 Individual-based models 7.2 Modelling motivation for behaviour 7.3...

To study the mechanism of nuclear import of T-DNA, complexes consisting of the virulence proteins VirD2 and VirE2 as well as single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) were tested for import into plant nuclei in vitro. Import of these complexes was fast and efficient and could be inhibited by a competitor, a nuclear localization signal (NLS) coupled to BSA. For import of short ssDNA, VirD2 was sufficient, whe...

The Rieske Fe/S protein, a nuclear-encoded subunit of the cytochrome b(6)/f complex in chloroplasts, is retarded in the stromal space after import into the chloroplast and only slowly translocated further into the thylakoid membrane system. As shown by the sensitivity to nigericin and to specific competitor proteins, thylakoid transport takes place by the DeltapH-dependent TAT pathway. The Ries...

Previous work has shown that when yeast mitochondria are incubated in the presence of the presequence peptide pL4(1-22), the peptide is imported and accumulates within the mitochondrial membranes, presumably at the import sites. If the extramitochondrial concentration of peptide is sufficiently high, enough peptide accumulates within the import sites to prevent the uptake of authentic precursor...

this paper is analysing the role of economic reforms on the labour market in iranian industry in economic reform period (1990-2005), and in turn, it is comparing it with closed economic period (1979-1989). in order to do the above comparative analysis, the manufacturing industry has been categorized based on hecksher-ohlin and gause methodology. accordingly, we have some industrial groups, incl...

Aims: To study the competitiveness, import intensity and structural break of palm oil exports from ASEAN member countries to Indian market for period 2000 2020.
 Data Methodology: The relevant data was collected UNCOMTRADE 21 years (2000 2020). tools used analysis were Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Import Intensity Index (III) Chow test.
 Results: revealed that Indo...