BACKGROUND During operation of a jet nebulizer, the temperature of the nebulizer outlet could decrease by more than 10 degrees C, depending on the nebulizer type and operating conditions, such as driving flow rate and fill volume. The droplet size distribution generated from the nebulizer can be measured by a cascade impactor. However, when the cascade impactor is operated at ambient room tempe...

The Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc., (JAMA) and the Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI) are collaborating to develop a biofidelic pedestrian legform impactor because the current major pedestrian legform impactor, the Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) legform impactor, lacks biofidelity. JAMA and JARI have been developing a biofidelic legform impactor since 2000. This r...

The dynamic response of large space structures under accidental impact has been the subject of intense research since the occurrence of the 9/11 incident. In the present paper, using the 3D ANSYS/LS-DYNA, size effect and material property effect of the impactor on the damage modes of the single-layer Kiewitt-8 reticulated dome were investigated, respectively, where the impactor was the cylinder...

in this study, performance of oil droplet separator in crankcase ventilation system for three engines, ford-ecoboost (impactor with variable area), nissan-vq37de (inertial impactor), and peugeot-xu7 (cyclone) at the same volumetric flow rate has been studied experimentally. because of the complexities of geometrical and functional in internal combustion engines, a test rig is designed to study ...

On the basis of 2D hydro-base simulations, where a super-high velocity spherical DT impactor collides against a spherically-compressed stationary DT main fuel, the ignition and burn dynamics in the impact fast ignition (IFI) scheme has been investigated. It is found that the energy conversion from the impactor kinetic energy to its internal energy at the collision is not so high (20 ~ 40 %) sin...

A new cascade impactor has been designed specifically for pharmaceutical inhaler testing. This impactor, called the Next Generation Pharmaceutical Impactor (NGI), has seven stages and is intended to operate at any inlet flow rate between 30 and 100 L/min. It spans a cut size (D50) range from 0.54-microm to 11.7-microm aerodynamic diameter at 30 L/min and 0.24 microm to 6.12 microm at 100 L/min....

The closed head impact (CHI) rat models are commonly used for studying the traumatic brain injury. The impact parameters vary considerably among different laboratories, making the comparison of research findings difficult. In this work, numerical CHI experiments were conducted to investigate the sensitivities of intracranial responses to various impact parameters (e.g., impact depth, velocity, ...

Aerosols in the South Pacific Easterlies have been sampled at American Samoa with a cascade impactor and analysed for Pb, Ba, K, Ca, Sr, and Rb by isotope dilution mass spectrometry using ultraclean procedures. Some 84% of the Pb was found in fine (-<0.5/am) aerosols which were collected on the backup filter with an efficiency of only 33%. Sea salt and eroded terrestrial material (dust) contain...

current sampling instruments of respirable dust (rd) may over estimate the inhaled dose by up to 400% depending on the size distribution of airborne dust. this limitation and the practice of assigning a single value for rd to all jobs regardless of the level of activity are incompatible with the advances in occupational epidemiology. a new dust sampler designed to estimate pulmonary deposition ...