conclusions the diagnosis of thrombocytosis is not easy in all cases. the coexistence of anca and the immune complex in cgn may cause a severe inflammatory state, leading to extreme rt. the roles that the immune complex and anca play on the effect of the platelet count and function in cgn need further research. introduction we describe a female patient with extreme reactive thrombocytosis (rt) ...

In recent years, the microbiome has been recognized as a key regulator of immune responses. Evidence suggests that changes in the microbiome can lead to chronic disease and even exacerbation of the disease. Impairment of innate immunity resulting from microbial incompatibility may worsen host susceptibility to infection and exacerbate chronic lung diseases. Specific microbes play a key role in ...

Immunomodulators are natural or synthetic materials that regulate the immune system and induce innate and adaptive defense mechanisms. These substances are classified into two types, immunostimulants and immunosuppressants. Immunostimulants can enhance body's resistance against various infections through increasing the basal levels of immune response. These agents could increase the oxidative a...

• Define type III hypersensitivity reactions. • Identify the role of the immune complex in type III reactions, and indicate which cause more damage small or large immune complexes, and locate the possible deposition of each complex. • Compare type III and type I reactions. • List some of the immune complex diseases: Autoimmune diseases: ♦ Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). ♦ Rheumatoid arthrit...

multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by a complex immune response. because of the complex nature of ms pathogenesis, a panel of biomarkers derived from different platforms will be required to reflect disease-related alterations. monitoring and evaluation of molecules associated with the pathogenesis of the disease would provide useful ...

Rheumatoid factors are 9s IgM autoantibodies directed against the hinge regions of 7s IgG's that have been changed consequent to their encounter with a foreign antigen, such as those produced by oral bacteria. Occasionally self-aggregating 7s IgG's serve this function. When these complexes are taken up by phagocytes in the joint, they form the "RA cell," a cell analogous to the LE cell of Hargr...