introduction dental trauma is one of the most serious oral conditions especially among children. it frequently occurs in children from 6 to 13 years old, often involving teeth with incomplete root formation. the most common dental injury at this age is crown fracture. arguments to provide this clinical guide, pubmed and scopus were searched using the following keywords: immature, incisor and pu...

Traumatic injuries to an immature permanent tooth may result in cessation of dentin deposition and root maturation. Endodontic treatment is often complicated in premature tooth with an uncertain prognosis. This article describes successful treatment of two traumatized maxillary central incisors with complicated crown fracture three months after trauma. The radiographic examination showed immatu...

this case report describes the multidisciplinary management of subgingival horizontal crown–root fracture of an immature permanent maxillary central incisor in a 10-year-old boy. after removal of the fractured fragment, pulpotomy was performed within 48 h from the injury to promote apexogenesis. the tooth was orthodontically extruded until the fracture line was located above the alveolar bone l...

Treatment of carious or traumatized teeth with open apex is usually a challenge to a dentist. Recently, some case reports have shown that revascularization process induced maturogenesis of immature non-vital teeth. This case report describes the successful revascularization process of an immature central incisor. The upper left central incisor of 14-year-old boy was treated by revascularization...

Surgical derotation is a method of placing a rotated tooth in normal alignment in a dental arch; surgically, immediately and permanently. It is a potentially convenient and cost-effective treatment modality as compared to conventional orthodontic procedure for rotated maxillary incisor with open apex. Here is a presentation of a severely rotated maxillary left permanent central incisor in a nin...

Intrusive luxation is a serious dental injury that causes damage to the pulp and supporting structures of a tooth because of its dislocation into the alveolar process. This paper presents the case of the re-eruption of a severely intruded immature permanent incisor with a crown-root fracture. A 9-year-old boy was referred to the clinic 1 day after a fall. Clinical and radiographic examinations ...

To present an uncommon disturbance of root development with ingrowth of bone and periodontal tissue into the pulp space in a delayed replanted immature permanent incisor at five years of follow-up. Severe arrest of root formation with uncommon healing of an immature permanent maxillary incisor after delayed replantation is reported. Continued development of a tooth root separate from the body o...

Lateral luxation of permanent teeth is a common injury, and the most frequent post-injury complications is Pulp Canal Obliteration (PCO) followed by pulp necrosis and root resorption. This report presents two different prognoses for symmetrical immature maxillary central incisors after lateral luxation in a 7-year-old boy. Both teeth were laterally luxated and the gingiva distal to the left inc...

This report describes the case of an 8-year-old boy that was referred to endodontic and orthodontic treatment after suffering an injury that led to intrusion of the maxillary right permanent central incisor, palatal displacement of the upper right lateral incisor, and root fracture of both central incisors. Both injured teeth were immature and had open apices. The intruded tooth was repositione...