the present study was conducted in the central region of khyber pakhtunkhwa (kpk), pakistan comprising seven districts: peshawar, charsadda, nowshera, mardan, swabi, kohat and hangu, during 2010. the objective was to analyze the perceived effect of farmer field school (ffs) approach on farmers’ capacity in controlling pre- and post- harvest losses. descriptive statistics were used to analyze th...

We investigate harvest-induced adaptive changes in age and size at maturation by modelling both plastic variation and evolutionary trajectories. Harvesting mature individuals displaces the reaction norm for age and size at maturation toward older ages and larger sizes and rotates it clockwise, whereas harvesting immature individuals has the reverse qualitative effect. If both immature and matur...

The intense harvesting of a fish stock can be accompanied by changes in certain life history traits of that stock. For example, after heavy exploitation, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the northwestern Atlantic and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) on the Scotian Shelf matured at smaller sizes and younger ages (Olsen et al., 2004, 2005; Neuheimer and Taggart, 2010). Because earlier maturing in...

ABSTRACT Seed color, brightness and texture are important aspects for the consumption of immature beans. This study aimed to estimate phenotypic variability among thirty cowpea genotypes seed harvesting, in order guide breeding programs. The experiment was carried out a randomized blocks design, with three replications. evaluated traits were seeds yield, pods dry production, number pods, 100-im...

Recommended by Xue-Zhong He We consider a periodic time-dependent predator-prey system with stage structure and impulsive harvesting, in which the prey has a life history that takes them through two stages, immature and mature. A set of sufficient and necessary conditions which guarantee the permanence of the system is obtained. Finally, we give a brief discussion of our results.

Today, fishing is the major source of mortality in many harvested fish stocks. The new high fishing mortality regime may induce evolutionary change in the harvested population, because the currently observed life-history patterns in fish stocks presumably reflect adaptation to past mortality regimes. Changes in these life-history patterns are likely to have an influence on, for example, the sus...

Embelin (2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-benzoquinone) is a phenolic compound found in the fruits of Embelia tsjeriam-cottam and is responsible for the medicinal properties of the plant Thus the fruits are harvested at a large scale before maturity leading to depletion of population. Since the chemical constituents of medicinal plants are directly associated with the harvesting t...

Cashew cultivars, based on flowering behaviour, are categorized into three types, viz., early season, mid-season and late season. In season type, the harvesting of cashew nuts coincides with rainy during which quality matured affected by increased pest disease attack. This loss can be reduced if harvested before it reaches its complete maturity. this context, present study was conducted in imma...

The application of harvest aids is an important prerequisite for the mechanical harvesting cotton that can effectively reduce impurity content and improve picking rate operating efficiency machine-picked cotton. However, determining appropriate spraying time to achieve synergistic improvement boll weight fiber quality still unclear. In this study, damage as well its quantitative relationship ag...