processing map for hot working of ti-if steel has been developed in the temperature range of 750 to 1100 °cand strain rate of 0.01 to 100 s-1. this map in the austenite region exhibits a single domain with a peak efficiencyof 45% occurring at 1025 °c and strain rate of 0.02 s-1. the domain extends over the temperature range of 1000to 1100 °c and strain rate range of 0.01 to 1 s-1. the true stre...

Ferrous metals include cast iron, steel, and the various steel alloys, The only difference between iron and steel is the carbon content. Cast iron contains more than 2-percent carbon, while steel contains less than 2 percent. An alloy is a substance composed of two or more elements. Therefore, all steels are an alloy of iron and carbon, but the term “alloy steel” normally refers to a steel that...

environmental degradation and economic growth are two important proofs in sustainable developmentwhich are followed by steel industry. in this case, energy and environmental damages as sustainabilitypatterns of environment have been investigated in three different dust collectors to select the mostenvironmentally suitable dust collector for electric furnace. in this article, the consumption amo...