Impaired testicular function, i.e., hypogonadism, can result from a primary testicular disorder (hypergonadotropic) or occur secondary to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (hypogonadotropic). Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can be congenital or acquired. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is divided into anosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (Kallmann syndrome) and congenital normosmic iso...

BACKGROUND Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which may be associated with anosmia (the Kallmann syndrome) or with a normal sense of smell, is a treatable form of male infertility caused by a congenital defect in the secretion or action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Patients have absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18. Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism...

Background: Male idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a heterogeneous clinical rare genetic disorder that can be divided into two forms: Kallmann syndrome (KS) and olfactory normal IHH (nIHH). Nearly half of unknown pathogenic genes related mechanisms have yet to explored.

idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (ihh) is a condition caused by low doses of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) leading to absence or incomplete sexual maturation. one of the disorders leading to ihh is kallmann syndrome which is characterized by gnrh deficiency with anosmia or hyposmia. this disorder generally occurs as a hereditary syndrome with x-linked recessive inhe...

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a group of rare developmental disorders characterized by low gonadotropin levels in the face sex steroid hormone concentrations. IHH practically divided into two major groups according to olfactory function: normal sense smell (normosmia) nIHH, and reduced (hyposmia/anosmia) Kallmann syndrome (KS). Although mutations more than 50 genes have been...

A 65-year-old man was referred to our clinic for the rehabilitation of right hemiparesis caused by ischaemic stroke. Hypertension, postphlebitic syndrome of lower limbs, frequent nose bleeding, and anemia were present in his history; in his adolescence, he was treated for idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Further investigations have revealed also microsomia, suggesting a clinical diagno...

Heart failure and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are the most frequent clinical problems encountered in patients with juvenile idiopathic hemochromatosis (JIH). In this context, amenorrhea is one of the first symptoms in female patients, and hormone therapy must be added to phlebotomy to restore menstrual cycles. Here we report the case of a woman in childbearing age with hypogonadotropic hypogo...

We tested the hypothesis that mutations in NR5A1 and PIN1 cause disorders in gonadotropin-gonadal system development and function, throught direct DNA sequencing of the coding sequence and splice-sites of NR5A1 and PIN1 in 50 subjects with sporadic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. These patients were recruited from the Pediatrics section of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, in W...

Background Stimulatory therapy with gonadotrpins is an effective treatment to induce spermatogenesis in men with idiopathic hypogonadotroptic hypogonadism (IHH). The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin / human menopausal gonadotropin on hypogonadotropic infertile men. MaterialsAndMethods This study included fifty-six azoospermic infertile men with I...