conclusions the authors described their anesthetic experience of profound metabolic alkalosis with complex electrolyte abnormalities and provided a review of relevant literature. case presentation a 34-year-old female visited gachon university gil medical center, incheon, south korea during year 2015. she experienced aggravated renal function due to chronic hypokalemia and severe hypochloremic ...

Repetitive episodes of brief regional ischemia have been shown to reduce the severity of life-threatening ventricular anhythrnias and infarct size that occur during prolonged occlusion of the coronary artery. This phenomenon is known as ischemic preconditioning. During studies in anesthetized, open chest Wistar rats, we accidentally observed that poorly ventilated animals had a reduced seve...

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome with Hirschsprung's disease, also known as Haddad syndrome, is an extremely rare disorder with variable symptoms. Recent studies described that congenital central hypoventilation syndrome had deep relation to the mutation of the PHOX2B gene in its diagnosis and phenotype. We report a newborn male infant with clinical manifestations of recurrent hypove...

BACKGROUND As obesity increases, the frequency of obstructive sleep apnea and obesity hypoventilation syndrome increases also. However, obesity hypoventilation syndrome frequency is not known, as capnography and arterial blood gas analysis are not routinely performed in sleep laboratories. AIMS To investigate the frequency and predictors of obesity hypoventilation syndrome in obese subjects. ...

The association of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (also known as Ondine's curse) and Hirschsprung's disease is termed Haddad syndrome, which is an extremely rare disorder. Recent studies have described that the PHOX2B gene mutation was responsible for congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. We report a term newborn male infant with clinical manifestations of recurrent hypovent...

Chronic hypoventilation affects patients with disorders on any level of the respiratory system. The generation of respiratory impulses can be impaired in congenital disorders, such as central congenital alveolar hypoventilation, in alterations of the brain stem or complex diseases like obesity hypoventilation. The translation of the impulses via spinal cord and nerves to the respiratory muscles...

Hypoventilation, as one of ventilatory disorders, decreases the electrical stability of the heart similarly as ischemia. If preconditioning by short cycles of ischemia has a cardioprotective effect against harmful influences of a prolonged ischemic period, then preconditioning by hypoventilation (HPC) can also have a similar effect. Anesthetized rats (ketamine 100 mg/kg + xylasine 15 mg/kg i.m....

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may lead to chronic alveolar hypoventilation. The coexistence of OSA and COPD has been termed the ‘overlap syndrome’. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the severity of COPD and the occurrence of chronic alveolar hypoventilation in patients with OSA and to evaluate the impact o...

We only need to look around us to see that we are in an epidemic of obesity and obesity-related medical problems. The obesity hypoventilation syndrome is a disorder in which an obese person with normal lungs chronically hypoventilates. Obesity impairs ventilatory mechanics, increases the work of breathing and carbon dioxide production, results in respiratory muscle dysfunction, and reduces vent...