PURPOSE To describe the demographics, characteristics, management pitfalls, and outcomes of pseudoptosis associated with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM). METHODS A retrospective review was performed of eight patients presenting with ptosis and hypotropia to oculoplastic service. All patients underwent full ocular evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging of brain and or...

Thirty-one patients presented for surgical correction of unilateral hypotropia of the globe and blepharoptosis. The hypotropia and pseudoptosis were corrected by Knapp procedures. The Bell's phenomenon was thereby improved, allowing safe correction of the true ptosis, generally by an anterior levator resection whose magnitude depended on measured levator function.

A rare case of possible postinflammatory fibrosis of the superior rectus and superior oblique muscles, resulting in marked hypotropia with pseudoptosis, is described, together with the surgical management.

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical features, etiology, prevention, and treatment of the inferior oblique muscle (IO) adherence syndrome. METHODS This series consists of 12 patients treated for a restrictive hypotropia in which the middle portion of the IO was scarred anteriorly, either into or near the inferior rectus muscle (IR) insertion, after prior surgery. RESULTS Among the 12 patients...

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate two cases of vertical diplopia after cataract surgery and to discuss the mechanism and types of strabismus caused by the local anesthesia with retrobulbar injection. Two cases of vertical diplopia after cataract surgeries were reported. They were operated by the same surgeon and both happened to the left eye and both presented with marked left hypotr...

Twelve consecutive cases are reviewed of unilateral hypotropia due to various causes. In most of them the presenting complaint was of ipsilateral blepharoptosis. Some patients had undergone previous ineffective surgery. The surgical techniques employed and the results obtained are discussed, with emphasis on the necessity to test for inferior rectus restriction. Some interesting sensory results...

CASE REPORT A 74-year-old male presented with an orbital tumor located in the left lacrimal fossa. Ocular examination showed hypotropia, exophthalmos and palpebral ptosis. DISCUSSION Removal of the tumor was performed by a lateral orbitotomy. The histopathologic study showed a tumor consistent with an adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland with apocrine differentiation.

twenty six patients with double elevator palsy (dep) (ranging from 25-90 pd), who had undergone either callahan or knapp-modified-kanpp procedure from february, 1981 to february, 1994, were reviewed. we achieved acceptable results in correction of hypotropia in primary position. three patients gained peripheral fusion and after reviewing the results we concluded that in patients having large-an...