Background Cannabis use in young people is common and associated with psychiatric disorders. However, the prospective link between cannabis use and bipolar disorder symptoms has rarely been investigated. The study hypothesis was that adolescent cannabis use is associated with hypomania in early adulthood via several potential etiological pathways. Methods Data were used from the Avon Longitud...

OBJECTIVE Bipolar disorders are often not recognized and undertreated. The diagnosis of current or past episodes of hypomania is of importance in order to increase diagnostic certainty. The Hypomania Checklist-32 is a self-applied questionnaire aimed at recognizing these episodes. As part of the international collaborative effort to develop multi-lingual versions of the Hypomania Checklist-32, ...

OBJECTIVE Emerging literature suggests that hypomanic behaviour may be clinically more important than elated mood in spontaneous hypomania. This report describes dysfunctional behavioural activation as a milder expression of antidepressant-associated hypomania. METHOD Five outpatients with mood disorders developed problem behaviours following antidepressant treatment. These behaviours include...

INTRODUCTION Bipolar disorder (BP) is one of the major causes of disability in the world. Epidemiological studies suggest that this disorder could be under-diagnosed owing to the difficulty in detecting hypomania episodes. The detection of present and past episodes of hypomania could help in the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of this disorder. The Hypomania Check List (HCL-32) is a questio...

According to the DSM-IV-TR, hypomania in bipolar II disorder (BD II) must not display marked impairment of functioning, compared with mania, and the change in functioning may be increased or decreased without reporting which is more common (1). Because of the marked impairment of functioning criterion, the DSM-IV-TR’s unclear boundary between mania and hypomania can lead to misclassification (t...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested a possible link between exposure to influenza in utero and bipolar disorder in adulthood. Using data from a prospective birth cohort, we aimed to test for an association between exposure to gestational influenza and the experience of hypomania assessed in early adulthood. METHODS We used data on 2957 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of P...

Background: In the present study, we explored the associations between hypomania, symptoms of depression, sleep complaints, physical activity and mental toughness. The latter construct has gained interest for its association with a broad variety of favorable behavior in both clinical and non-clinical samples. Subjects and Methods: The non-clinical sample consisted of 206 young adults (M = 21.3 ...

International guidelines consider quetiapine at medium doses (300-400 mg/day) as valid options for the treatment of bipolar depression for the supposed lower risk of a switch to hypomania/mania than antidepressants. Norquetiapine is an active metabolite with antidepressant action. We describe three cases of induced hypomania in bipolar type 2 subjects who received quetiapine extended-release mo...

A comparison of clinical characteristics in bipolar I disorder and antidepressantassociated mania/hypomania Objective: Although hypomania/mania during antidepressant treatment is not rare, it is often neglected by clinicians. As a result of the recent developments in this topic, bipolarity is now accepted as a wide spectrum. Forty percent of the patients with bipolar disorder have been misdiagn...