down syndrome is the most common known chromosomal disorder in man.this syndrome has many sings and symptoms which are variable in frequency.taking all the signs and symproms in to consideration,diagnosis of down syndrome is not a difficult task-however in the past it was difficult to diagnose this syndrome based on a single clinical sign,until  hypertrophy of hyponichium was first introduced b...

Background: The goals of fingertip reconstruction are to achieve adequate soft-tissue coverage and a functional nail plate and to maintain sensation, proprioception, and cosmesis. Objective: We present a composite tissue graft and volar V-Y advancement flap for reconstruction of a traumatic amputation of a fingertip, which provided optimal preservation of the hyponychium and the volar pad for p...

objective(s):  the role of the apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (arc) in apoptosis and in certain hypertrophic responses has been previously investigated, but its regulation of endothelin-1 induced cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. the present study discusses the inhibitory role of arc against endothelin–induced hypertrophy. results:in present study endothelin treated card...

Background / Objectives:Dermoscopy is a non-invasive technique that has been recognized recently as an effective tool in the diagnosis of nail diseases, including psoriasis. The aim this study was to clarify specific dermoscopic features psoriasis and identify those are correlated with disease severity. Methods: We conducted prospective over 18 months. Fifty patients followed for involvement we...

Objective(s):  The role of the Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) in apoptosis and in certain hypertrophic responses has been previously investigated, but its regulation of Endothelin-1 induced cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. The present study discusses the inhibitory role of ARC against endothelin–induced hypertrophy. Results:In present study Endothelin treated car...

The nail unit is constructed by distinctly regulated components. The nail isthmus is a lately proposed region as a transitional zone between the most distal part of the nail bed and the hyponychium. It is difficult to recognize the nail isthmus in the normal nail, but it is easy to identify the region in nail disorders such as pterygium inversum unguis and ectopic nail. We describe structure an...

Upon physical examination, a well-delimited, 10-mm, hyperpigmented (dark brown) nodule, affecting the nail bed and hyponychium of the fifth right toe, was found ( fig. 1 ). Palpation evidenced hardened consistency. Upon physical examination of the entire body, the patient did not show any other lesions. The X-rays of the affected toe on its anterior-posterior and medium-lateral aspects did not ...

background: the association of metabolic syndrome (ms) with left  ventricular (lv) hypertrophy is controversial. the objective of our study was to investigate the infl uence of ms on lv mass and geometry in community-based hypertensive patients among han chinese.materials and methods: this study included 1733 metabolic syndrome patients according to the international diabetes federation (idf) d...

Background: Vitamin D deficiency can cause frequent infection of tonsil and adenoid. Recurrent upper airway infections are associated with hypertrophy of lymphoid tissues (adenoid and palatine tonsils) in children. Obstructive sleep disorders, failure to thrive, facial deformity, and cognitive disorders are among the most important complications of adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Surgery is indicat...