Predicting and controlling infectious disease epidemics is a major challenge facing the management of agriculture, human and wildlife health. Co-evolutionarily derived patterns of local adaptation among pathogen populations have the potential to generate variation in disease epidemiology; however, studies of local adaptation in disease systems have mostly focused on interactions between competi...

Thresholds occur, and play an important role, in the dynamics of many biological communities. In this paper, we model a persistence type threshold which has been shown experimentally to exist in hyperparasitised flukes in the cockle, a shellfish. Our model consists of a periodically driven slow-fast host-parasite system of equations for a slow flukes population (host) and a fast Unikaryon hyper...

Assessing the impact of natural enemies of plant and animal pathogens on their host's population dynamics is needed to determine the role of hyperparasites in affecting disease dynamics, and their potential for use in efficient control strategies of pathogens. Here, we focus on the long-term study describing metapopulation dynamics of an obligate pathogen, the powdery mildew (Podosphaera planta...

Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), the causal fungus of wheat stripe rust, was previously reported to be infected by Lecanicillium lecanii, Microdochium nivale and Typhula idahoensis. Here, we report a novel hyperparasite on Pst. This hyperparasitic fungus was identified as Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) GA de Vries based on morphological characteristics observed by light and sc...

Investigations carried out on the parasite-hyperparasite complex of the coconut pest Opisina arenosella Walker indicate that the hyperparasites considerably reduce the population of the parasites and thus lower the efficiency of the latter as biological control agents. Over half the cocoons of the parasitoid Apanteles taragamae Vier., were parasitised by the hyperparasites, with Aphanogmus mani...

Pediobius imbreus (Walker), a hyperparasite of Opisina arenosella, is distributed throughout Kerala. The biology of this hyperparasite was studied in the laboratory. The mating process took, on an average, 43 sec. The female started to lay eggs on the same day of emergence and laid upto 30 eggs in her life time. The eggs hatch after 36 to 40 h. of incubation. There were three larval stages. The...

A hyperparasite was observed on Venturia inaequalis during a survey in Krasnodar region, South Russia. Morphological characterization using light microscopy and molecular by sequencing ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA phylogenetic analysis revealed the identity pathogen as Trichothecium roseum. This is first record roseum from

during an investigation on cladosporium species associated with numerous substrates of various localities in iran during 2011-13, eight species including c. delicatulum, c. echinulatum, c. exile, c. macrocarpum, c. neriicola, c. pannosum, c. scabrellum and c. uredinicola were identified based on the morphological characters. all these species are new records for the iranian mycobiota, except fo...

Rhizoctonia solani causes crown rot of sugar beets, a severe disease that has destroyed up to 60% of the plants in a test field in western Nebraska. Laetisaria arvalis, a natural hyperparasite of Rhizoctonia spp., was isolated from fields in western Nebraska. To test for the potential for biological control of R. solani, in November 1980 (following harvest) we applied various combinations of a ...