3. Introduction 3815 4. Group 3 Organo-hydroxides 3816 5. Group 4 Organo-hydroxides 3821 5.1. Titanium 3822 5.2. Zirconium 3823 5.3. Hafnium 3824 6. Group 5 Organo-hydroxides 3825 6.1. Vanadium 3825 6.2. Niobium 3825 6.3. Tantalum 3826 7. Group 6 Organo-hydroxides 3826 7.1. Chromium 3826 7.2. Molybdenum 3826 7.3. Tungsten 3829 8. Group 7 Organo-hydroxides 3830 8.1. Manganese 3830 8.2. Techneciu...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims down to evaluate the ability of chloride magnesium- aluminium- layered double hydroxides (4:1) for nitrate adsorption from the soil solution in successive cropping periods. METHODS: The study was conductedunder long-term cropping periods, including first crop): bell pepper; second crop: mentheae; third crop: cher...

Iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) hydroxides are highly reactive components in environmental processes, such as contaminant fate and transport. Phosphorus (P) sorption by these components can decrease environmental problems associated with excess accumulation of P in soils. The long-term stability of P sorbed by Fe/Al hydroxides is of major concern. Synthetic Fe and Al hydroxides coprecipitated with ...

The oxygen evolution reaction is a key reaction in water splitting. The common approach in the development of oxygen evolution catalysts is to search for catalytic materials with new and optimized chemical compositions and structures. Here we report an orthogonal approach to improve the activity of catalysts without alternating their compositions or structures. Specifically, liquid phase exfoli...

This work summarizes the beneficial and harmful effects of layered double hydroxides upon human health. Their possible uses in pharmaceutical formulations are present in many subjects: from classical applications as orally and topical drugs to new trends as cancer therapy. The application of layered double hydroxides as excipients and their influence on the bioavailability of the organic active...

A highly selective (>99%) tandem catalytic system for the conversion of ethanol (up to 37%) to n-butanol, through the Guerbet process, has been developed using a bifunctional iridium catalyst coupled with bulky nickel or copper hydroxides. These sterically crowded nickel and copper hydroxides catalyze the key aldol coupling reaction of acetaldehyde to exclusively yield the C4 coupling product, ...

Nanosized rare earth (RE) hydroxides including La(OH)3, Nd(OH)3, Pr(OH)3, Sm(OH)3, Gd(OH)3, and Er(OH)3 with rod-like morphology are fabricated via a convenient hydrothermal approach. This strategy calls for the first preparation of metal complexes between RE precursors and dodecylamine (DDA) in water/ethanol mixture at room temperature and subsequent thermal decomposition at elevated temperatu...

Magnesium aluminum hydroxides (MAH) of nitrate and carbonate forms were prepared by co-precipitation, dried at different temperatures, and employed as an adsorbent for pitch and stickies in papermaking. Results indicated that MAH that had been heat-treated had higher adsorption capacity to model pitch and stickies at neutral pH. Low-temperature-dried magnesium aluminum hydroxides of nitrate for...

Sequential leaches (sequential extractions) experiment of 62 elements were carried out for assessing the mobility of contaminated heavy metals and metalloids contaminated in natural sediments; river sediments of Oued El Harrach (Algeria) and lagoon sediments of Bizerte (Tunisia), North African Mediterranean coast. Applied extractants for the sequential leaches are: (A) distilled water for extra...

The mineralogy and chemistry of the less than 20μm fraction of marine sediments at Morphou Bay, north-west Cyprus, are presented to characterise fine-grained sediment supplies from basic and ultrabasic rocks of the Troodos Massif within a typological setting. The sediments comprise a mixture of smectite, illite, kaolinite and iron rich chlorite. They also contain amorphous iron oxides/hydroxide...