The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua satellite was launched on May 4, 2002. The AMSR-E instrument provides a potentially improved soil moisture sensing capability over previous spaceborne radiometers such as the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager due to its combination of low frequency and higher...

[1] There is increasing interest in the use of multiple measurement types, including indirect (geophysical) methods, to constrain hydrologic interpretations. To date, most examples integrating geophysical measurements in hydrology have followed a three‐step, uncoupled inverse approach. This approach begins with independent geophysical inversion to infer the spatial and/or temporal distribution ...

Advances in computational tools and modelling techniques combined with enhanced process knowledge have, in recent decades, facilitated a rapid progress in hydrologic modelling. From the use of traditional lumped models, the hydrologic science has moved to the much more complex, fully distributed models that exude an enhanced knowledge of hydrologic processes. Despite this progress, uncertaintie...

Research on ecosystem and societal response to global environmental change typically considers the effects of shifts in mean climate conditions. There is, however, some evidence of ongoing changes also in the variance of hydrologic and climate fluctuations. A relatively high interannual variability is a distinctive feature of the hydrologic regime of dryland regions, particularly at the desert ...

A mixed-model moving-average approach to geostatistical modeling in stream networks. Ecology 91:644–651. A distance matrix that contains the hydrologic distance between any two sites in a study area is needed to fit a geostatistical model using the tail-up and tail-down autocovariance functions. However, the hydrologic distance information needed to model the covariance between flow-connected a...

Hydrologic data collection over scales from centimemrs to continents, from minutes to years is difficult and expensive, so hydrologic models usually conceptualize processes based on simple, often homogeneous, views of nature. This forced oversimplification impedes cientific understanding and management of water resources. As the focus of hydrologic research shifts to larger regional and global ...

Data assimilation (DA) holds considerable potential for improving hydrologic predictions as demonstrated in numerous research studies. However, advances in hydrologic DA research have not been adequately or timely implemented in operational forecast systems to improve the skill of forecasts for better informed real-world decision making. This is due in part to a lack of mechanisms to properly q...