Background: Enantiopure epoxides are important intermediates in the synthesis of high-value chiral chemicals. Epoxide hydrolases have been exploited in biocatalysis for kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides to produce enantiopure epoxides and vicinal diols. It is necessary to obtain sufficient stable epoxide hydrolases with high enantioselectivity to meet the requirements of i...

The 4-carboxymethylen-4-sulfo-but-2-en-olide (4-sulfomuconolactone) hydrolases from Hydrogenophaga intermedia strain S1 and Agrobacterium radiobacter strain S2 are part of a modified protocatechuate pathway responsible for the degradation of 4-sulfocatechol. In both strains, the hydrolase-encoding genes occur downstream of those encoding the enzymes that catalyze the lactonization of 3-sulfomuc...

Activities of nineteen hydrolases were measured in the digestive systems predatory and blood-feeding true leeches (Hirudinida) their closest relatives, Branchiobdellida Acanthobdellida. ...

Pulmonary surfactant contains homeostatic and antimicrobial hydrolases. When Mycobacterium tuberculosis is initially deposited in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli, as well as following release from lysed macrophages, bacilli are in intimate contact with these lung surfactant hydrolases. We identified and measured several hydrolases in human alveolar lining fluid and lung tissue that, at the...

The sweat eccrine and apocrine glands of human skin secrete many functionally significant substances, including hydrolytic enzymes, onto its surface through the mechanisms secretion, excretion recruitment. Shown is their recreational origin as a secretory product digestive glands—pepsinogen by stomach glands, α-amylase—by pancreas. Hydrolases in epidermal barrier provide hydrolysis proteins, ca...

Most bacteria have multiple peptidoglycan hydrolases capable of cleaving covalent bonds in peptidoglycan sacculi or its fragments. An overview of the different classes of peptidoglycan hydrolases and their cleavage sites is provided. The physiological functions of these enzymes include the regulation of cell wall growth, the turnover of peptidoglycan during growth, the separation of daughter ce...

Mono-ADP-ribosylation of arginine is a reversible modification of proteins with NAD:arginine ADP-ribosyltransferases and ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolases catalyzing the opposing reactions in the cycle. ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolases differ in their dithiothreitol (DTT) requirements. Rat and mouse hydrolases require DTT for maximal activity, but calf, guinea pig, and human hydrolases are DTT-indep...

I-cell cultured fibroblasts secrete excessive amounts of N-acetyl-fl-D-hexosaminidase and a -L-fucosidase into the culture media as compared with normal fibroblasts. Addition of tunicamycin or cycloheximide at doses that inhibit the incorporation of [3Hlmannose (60-80%) and [14C]leucine (40-50%) into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material decreased the secretion of these I-cell hydrolases t...

Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) is a newly emerging technique that uses active site-directed probes to monitor the functional status of enzymes. Serine hydrolases are one of the largest families of enzymes in mammals. More than 200 serine hydrolases have been identified, but little is known about their specific roles. Serine hydrolases are involved in a variety of physiological function...