objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the existence of human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) in subgingival plaque of htlv-1 seropositive pa-tients. materials and methods: a total of 18 patients including 13 females and fivemales, with a mean age of 37 years participated in this descriptive study. half of them were htlv-1 carriers and the others were in htlv-1 associated myel...

recurrent spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder has rarely been reported in english articles. this condition may be difficult to diagnosis before a laparotomy due to acute peritonitis. herein we describe a case of recurrent spontaneous rupture of the bladder in a 39-year-old woman with human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) -associated myelopathy/topical spastic paraparesis (ham/tsp).

human t-lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-1) is an endemic virus in iran and other regions that is associated with multiple diseases including adult t-cell leukemia/ lymphoma and a chronic debilitating neuroinflammatory disease, htlv-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (ham/tsp). ham/tsp is seen in approximately 2% of htlv-1-infected people with symptoms such as back pain, weakne...

introduction genetic background has known to be associated with the outcome of human t cell lymphotropic virus (htlv) type i infection. in the present study we investigate the association between gm-csf gene polymorphisms with the outcome of htlv-i infection. materials and methods we analyzed 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promter region of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating fa...

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Background: The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I is the first retrovirus idenfied in humans. The virus has been associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, human T-lymphotropic virus type I, myelopathy/tropical spasc paraparesis, uveis, arthris, pulmonary lymphocyc alveolis, keratoconjuncvis sicca, and infecous dermas. Human T-lymphotropic virus type Iis endemic in Japan...

background human t-cell lymphotropic virus types ι and ιι (htlv-ι and htlv-ii) are deltaretroviruses which may cause leukemia, lymphoma and htlv-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (ham/tsp). in addition, htlv-1 may be related to thalassemia and hemophilia cases after blood transfusion. objectives the aim of this study was evaluation of the prevalence of htlvs in patients with he...

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with uncertain etiology. for many years, viruses have been suspected as causative agents. there are conflicting reports about the possible role of viruses such as human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) and retroviruses in the pathogenesis of the sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. we conducted a prospective case-control study to ...

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discussion bladder over-distention and spontaneous bladder rupture, although very rare in ham/tsp, should be considered in a differential diagnosis of bladder rupture, especially in patients with a history of htlv1. introduction spontaneous bladder rupture is a rare manifestation of hyporeflexic bladder due to ham/tsp( human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv1) associated myelopathy/tropica...