We examined the effect of the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLVI) Tax gene product on the human transforming growth factor 01(TGF-01) promoter. Transfection ofdeleted constructs ofthe TGF-fl1 promoter revealed regions homologous with AP-1 binding sites that were required for Tax-induced transactivation of the TGF-(31 promoter. In addition, we examined the expression and secretion ofTGF-,3...

tropical spastic paraparesis. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:939–44. 6. Olindo S, Lézin A, Cabre P, et al. HTLV-1 proviral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells quantified in 100 HAM/TSP patients: a marker of disease progression. J Neurol Sci 2005; 237:53–9. 7. Jeffery KJ, Usuku K, Hall SE, et al. HLA alleles determine human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) proviral load and the risk of HTLVI–ass...

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus I (HTLVI) infection is linked to the development of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). HTLV-I infection of healthy CD4 T cells is known to take place through cell-to-cell contact with infected T cells. We consider a compartmental model for the transmission dynamics of the HTLV-I infection. The force of infection is assumed to be of a general form, and the resu...

mission by breast milk and sexual transmission are no longer risk factors for this population. Moreover, drug abuse and sexual promiscuity are rare in the Mashhadi population because these individuals are brought up in Orthodox Jewish households. A possible explanation for the rise in the seroprevalence of HTLV-I infection is that individuals may be exposed to an agent of low virulence over the...

The immunopathology of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) uveitis was addressed by using T cell clones (TCC) established from the intraocular fluid of patients with HTLV-I uveitis. Proviral DNA of HTLV-I was identified in 55 out of 94 (59%) or 13 out of 36 (36%) TCC from the ocular fluid or the peripheral blood of these patients, respectively. Most of HTLV-I-infected TCC had a CD3+...