abstract disease incidence and favorable condition on disease severity is evaluated. w. carpophilus isolated of infected orchards. for fungus overwintering method in buildup were carried out bud washing by centrifuge and spot culturing on nutrient mediums. evaluation of shot hole in different areas showed that cultivars response to this disease is fixed inside of a climate but it is differ in d...

shot hole caused by wilsonomyces carpophilus is one of the main constraints to prune fruit production in iran particularly in khorasan razavi province. it causes foliage shot hole in spring and early summer; fruit-spotting and cankers on limbs and twigs during autumn rains. the fungus was isolated from the lesions of twigs and was purified on pda. the pathogenicity and virulence on detached twi...

PURPOSE A rare case of unilateral retinal detachment due to a macular hole in a patient with Behçet disease is presented. METHODS Interventional case report. RESULTS A 31-year-old man with a 6-year history of Behçet disease presented with a relapse in his disease and received infliximab. Ten days later, as the inflammation subsided, a retinal detachment caused by a macular hole was diagnose...

this study is focused on investigating the parameters of laser percussion drilling process of nickel-base super alloy inconel 718 with thickness of 1 mm. fiber laser with the power of 500 watts was used as the laser source. laser pulse frequency, duty cycle, laser power, focal point position, were assumed as the laser drilling process variables. the hole geometry features, i.e. entrance hole di...

We report on a new technique, computational DNA hole spectroscopy, which creates spectra of electron hole probabilities vs. nucleotide position. A hole is a site of positive charge created when an electron is removed. Peaks in the hole spectrum depict sites where holes tend to localize and potentially trigger a base pair mismatch during replication. Our studies of mitochondrial DNA reveal a cor...

In the present research, the mixed-mode fracture mechanics analysis in a plate with central hole under tensile loading is considered. It is assumed that a plate containing two symmetrical hole-edge cracks is bonded with two dissimilar planes. The stress intensity factors at the crack tips are calculated. The problem is modeled in Casca software and this model is analyzed with Franc software. Th...

Roll forming process is used for manufacturing sheet metal parts by successive bending and creating the final shape with gradual deformation. In this article, deformation of a pre-punched sheet due to the roll forming process was studied. Two main defects in the roll forming process are ovality of holes and bow defect. The ovality of the hole is influenced by the process parameters including sh...