Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating disease of citrus. The global citrus industry is in urgent need of effective chemical treatments for HLB control because of its rapid spreading worldwide. Due to the fastidious nature of the pathogens, and the poor permissibility of citrus leaf surfaces, effective screening of chemicals for the HLB control can be challenging. In this study, we develop...

Huanglongbing (HLB) is currently the most destructive disease of citrus worldwide. Although there is no immune cultivar, field tolerance to HLB within citrus and citrus relatives has been observed at the USDA Picos farm at Ft. Pierce, Florida, where plants have been exposed to a very high level of HLB pressure since 2006. In this study, we used RNA-Seq to evaluate expression differences between...

INTRODUCTION Emulsion formulations are one of hard tasks since there are a lot of emulsifiers which can be selected. To save time in emulsifier selection, the hydrophile-lipohile balance (HLB) system has been used for choosing proper emulsifiers. Lipophilic compounds (oils, fats, and waxes) have an individual value called “required HLB”. An emulsifier or blend of emulsifiers, having an HLB equa...

The Huanglongbing (HLB) disease pyramid is composed of Liberibacters, psyllid vectors, citrus hosts, and the environment. The epidemiological outcomes for Liberibacter-associated plant diseases are collectively determined by the inherent relationships among plant-Liberibacters-psyllids, and how various environmental factors affect plant-Liberibacter-psyllid interactions. Citrus-Liberibacter-psy...

Huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most destructive diseases of citrus, which has posed a serious threat to the global citrus production. This research was aimed to explore the use of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging combined with feature selection to characterize and detect the HLB disease. Chlorophyll fluorescence images of citrus leaf samples were measured by an in-house chlorophyll fluoresce...

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating disease of citrus. HLB has spread to most of the citrus growing areas in the world and causes significantly decline in both citrus production and citrus industry economic output. HLB is caused by three species of fastidious, phloem-resided alpha proteo bacteria: ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las), ‘Candidatus Liberibacter americanus’(Lam...

Distribution of viable Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CaLas) in sweet orange fruit and leaves ('Hamlin' and 'Valencia') and transcriptomic changes associated with huanglongbing (HLB) infection in fruit tissues are reported. Viable CaLas was present in most fruit tissues tested in HLB trees, with the highest titre detected in vascular tissue near the calyx abscission zone. Transcriptomic cha...

it is possible to alter the permeability of ethyl cellulose membrane with certain materials such as surfactants. in this study the effect of surfactant concentration and different hlb values on the release rate of atenolol from ethyl cellulose-coated tablets was evaluated. the results showed that when the concentration of surfactant increased, the rate of drug release also increased. the kineti...

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), a highly devastating citrus disease, is associated with 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiacitus' (CLas), a member of phloem-inhabiting α-proteobacteria. HLB can affect all cultivated citrus and no cure is currently available. Previous studies showed that Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix), primarily grown in South Asia and Southeast Asia, was tolerant to HLB but the molecular m...