OBJECTIVES To evaluate short-term effects of publishing revised lower risk national drinking guidelines on related awareness and knowledge. To examine where drinkers heard about guidelines over the same period. DESIGN Trend analysis of the Alcohol Toolkit Study, a monthly repeat cross-sectional national survey. SETTING England, November 2015 to May 2016. PARTICIPANTS A total of 11 845 adu...

the great event of ghadir has always had its own reasons and evidence to be proven. one of its documentation is the construction of a building as a mosque for its memorial. this article examines ghadir mosque features in the existing narratives and textual and visual documents. firstly, the geographical location of ghadirkhom, the reasons why this location was chosen for announcing the successo...

Mercury (Hg) contamination is pervasive in aquatic ecosystems and its bioaccumulation may lead to severe health concerns for both wildlife and humans. In this study we quantify historical Hg fluxes to the profundal sediment of Seneca Lake, NY. Previous studies show that the highest surface sediment Hg concentrations occur here, near a major tributary, the Keuka Lake Outlet. This tributary hoste...

The principles and methods of incorporating historical controls in four cases (C1, stable control; C2, rare occurrence of responses; C3, small group size; C4, historical control as a reference) are discussed. Two points are emphasized: one is that the historical control should be regarded as a given condition and the other is that the historical control should be used conservatively. Incorporat...

1 This work was supported by the City University of Hong Kong under Strategic Research Grant 7000654 and Direct Allocation Grant 7100157. 2 Please direct all correspondence to this author. Email: [email protected]. Fax: (+852) 2788-7791 Abstract— Resource-demanding services such as Multimediaon-Demand (MOD) become possible as broadband Internet is getting more popular. However, as the size ...