objective(s):to determine the effect of acetylcholine (ach), pilocarpine, and atropine on pain evoked responses of pain excited neurons (pen) and pain inhibited neurons (pin) in hippocampal ca3 region of morphine addicted rats. materials and methods:female wistar rats, weighing between 230-260 g were used in this study. morphine addicted rats were generated by subcutaneous injection of increasi...

Objective(s):To determine the effect of acetylcholine (ACh), pilocarpine, and atropine on pain evoked responses of pain excited neurons (PEN) and pain inhibited neurons (PIN) in hippocampal CA3 region of morphine addicted rats. Materials and Methods:Female Wistar rats, weighing between 230-260 g were used in this study. Morphine addicted rats were generated by subcutaneous injection of increasi...

Synchronized discharges in the hippocampal CA3 recurrent network are supposed to underlie network oscillations, memory formation and seizure generation. In the hippocampal CA3 network, NMDA receptors are abundant at the recurrent synapses but scarce at the mossy fiber synapses. We generated mutant mice in which NMDA receptors were abolished in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons by postnatal day ...

objective(s):growing evidence indicates that extract of ginkgo biloba (egb) attenuates hippocampal-dependent memory deficit in aged individuals; however, very little is known about the effect of egb on the structure of hippocampus. therefore we examined the egb-induced morphological changes of the cornu ammonis (ca) region in aged rats. materials and methods: sixteen aged male wistar rats, 24 m...

Objective(s): Nuclear receptor-related protein 1 (Nurr1), one of immediate-early genes, is a member of orphan nuclear receptor family. The aim of this study was to investigate the time-dependent change of Nurr1 protein expression in the mouse hippocampal CA3 region following kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxic neuronal damage.Materials and Methods:</...

Objective(s):Growing evidence indicates that extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) attenuates hippocampal-dependent memory deficit in aged individuals; however, very little is known about the effect of EGb on the structure of hippocampus. Therefore we examined the EGb-induced morphological changes of the Cornu Ammonis (CA) region in aged rats. Materials and Methods: Sixteen aged male Wistar rats, 24 ...

OBJECTIVE In schizophrenia, hippocampal perfusion is increased and declarative memory function is degraded. Based on an a priori model of hippocampal dysfunction in schizophrenic psychosis, the authors postulated molecular and cellular changes in CA3 consistent with increased NMDA receptor signaling. METHOD Postmortem hippocampal subfield tissue (CA3, CA1) from subjects with schizophrenia and...

background and objectives: hippocampal volume reduction has been reported in diabetes mellitus type 1. it is believed that hyperglycemia and oxidative stress mediate neuropathological changes in hippocampal neurons. in this study we aimed to study the effect of insulin and an antioxidant like ascorbic acid on preventing volume changes of dentate gyrus and ca3 region of hippocampus. materials an...

AIM To investigate the effects of phenytoin (DPH) on morphological and structural changes of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CA3 of rats induced by chronic stress. METHODS Using Nissl staining, Golgi staining, and electron microscope, the morphology and structure of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CA3 of rats were observed. RESULTS Chronic stress resulted in loss of hippocampal CA3 pyrami...

Degeneration of CA3-pyramidal neurons in hippocampus after intracerebroventricular kainic acid (KA) administration, a model of temporal lobe epilepsy, results in hyperexcitability within both dentate gyrus and the CA1 subfield. It also leads to persistent reductions in hippocampal glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) interneuron numbers without diminution in Nissl-stained interneuron numbers, indicati...