inguinal hernias sometimes surprise surgeons with unexpected contents. this article reports a 46-year-old male with a painless inguinal mass. surgical exploration showed three smooth yellowish concretions in the hernia sac. to our knowledge, this is the first report of hernial sac lithiasis.

We conducted this study to assess the value of presence of hernia sac in prediction of postoperative outcome in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Data were obtained form medical records of 70 children operated for CDH between 2002-12. Postoperative neonatal death occurred in 1/10 (10%) of infants with a hernia sac and 26/60 (43.3%) in cases without a hernia sac, respectively (P =0.04). Per...

When vermiform appendix is found in the inguinal hernial sac, the condition is called Amyand's hernia (AH). Appendix in hernial sac can be normal, inflamed or perforated. It can present as complicated hernia or acute scrotum. We present a case of Amyand's hernia in a 25-day-old male who presented with an obstructed hernia having perforated appendix in the hernial sac.

 This case is a rare aspect of left inguinal hernia. The patient was a 60-years old man with left scrotal mass since childhood. In the operating room, the hernia sac was opened which included cecum and appendix that is called left Amyand`s hernia. The patient underwent herniorrhaphy with Lichtenstein repair. 

As a complication of inguinal hernia, incarcerations are often seen in emergency services. Incarceration is an acute complication of inguinal hernia presenting as surgical emergency. The sac of inguinal hernia most frequently contains omentum and intestine but sometimes organs such as appendix and Meckel's diverticulum can also be seen in the hernial sac. We present a case of Amyand's hernia co...

Malignant epithelial tumors presenting within the hernia sacs are rare, occurring in 0.14% of all surgically removed adult hernia sac cases [1]. Most reports document inguinal or umbilical hernia sac with metastatic adenocarcinoma from multiple organs [1-4]. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of ventral hernia sac with metastatic urothelial carcinoma have been previously reported. We herein...

Appendicitis and incarcerated hernia are frequently encountered reasons of emergency surgery for acute abdomen. The treatment in early stages of each condition is generally simple, but when these conditions are combined, the symptoms become slightly complicated, obscuring specific symptoms. Especially the lack of symptoms for appendicitis leads to delayed diagnosis, resulting in high morbidity....

BACKGROUND Indirect inguinal hernias are usually congenital, forming a sac in the core of the spermatic cord covered by the internal spermatic, cremasteric, and external spermatic fasciae(1-3). Direct inguinal hernias are acquired; the sac lies beside/behind the cord(1-3). A rare third type is a combination of indirect and direct sacs on both sides of inferior epigastric vessels(1-3). We descri...

The presence of the appendix within a femoral hernia (FH) sac is known as Garengeot's hernia (GH). We report on current study a rare case of an elderly man with a combined inguinal and Garengeot's hernia and discuss the clinical aspects. An 82-year-old man clinically stable, presented history of pain at the right inguinal region for over a week, without vomit, nausea, fever or any alteration of...

In England, there were 4500 cases of femoral hernia for the year 2005-2006, accounting for 3.5% of all herniae [1]. The femoral hernial sac contents may be varied: preperitoneal fat, omentum, small bowel, or colon. In rare instances, the appendix can be found in the hernial sac, a reported incidence of 0.8%. Whether inflamed or not, the finding of vermiform appendix inside a hernia sac is known...