This problem of hell is a specific form of the problem of evil. The possibility that perhaps a great number of people will end up in an eternal hell is a problem for the Christian who also confesses faith in an omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent God. In this paper, I shall introduce issuantist views of hell and show that the basic formulations of this perspective do not provide an adeq...

We introduce a new topos in order to give a semantic account of the nonstandard functional interpretation introduced by Eyvind Briseid, Pavol Safarik and the author.

Though beliefs in Heaven and Hell are related, they are associated with different personality characteristics and social phenomena. Here we present three studies measuring Heaven and Hell beliefs' associations with and impact on subjective well-being. We find that a belief in Heaven is consistently associated with greater happiness and life satisfaction while a belief in Hell is associated with...

College-bound students in Japan undergo a process of intense preparation known as examination hell. An extreme manifestation of examination hell is the ronin phenomenon. Typically thirty percent of students choose the ronin option under which they spend years in addition to high school preparing for the next year’s college entrance examinations. Using the mean scores of the entrance examination...

Being a ‘bastard’ is not necessarily as derogatory as it might sound. In an Australian context it can be a term of endearment, often expressed in jovial light-heartedness amongst ‘mates’ (some still use the word ‘cobber’) or at least people with a modicum of friendliness. Hodge and Mishra (1991) create a ‘complex’ out of being a ‘bastard’; a ‘bastard complex’ alludes to the sense of illegitimac...