background: the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is increasing worldwide. cytotoxic t-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (ctla-4) may play a role in the intensity of the disease. the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between genetic variants of the ctla-4 and hcv infection. methods: restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (rflp-pcr) was per...

Background & objectives: The researcher clarified that β/Globin gene cluster haplotypes in patients with sickle cell anemia provide useful population data as predictors of the disease severity, gene flow, and the origins of sickle cell mutation in this region. Materials and methods: A total of 150 subjects was investigated in two different groups for five polymorphism restriction site...

Background: Recent studies demonstrated the multifactorial and chronic nature of male infertility, including mutations of some known spermatogenesis-related genes. The H2B family, member W (H2B.W) gene is one of the testis specific histone variant genes that encodes a sperm telomere-binding protein, required for reorganization and integration of sperm chromosomes. The objective of the present s...

background & objectives: the researcher clarified that β/globin gene cluster haplotypes in patients with sickle cell anemia provide useful population data as predictors of the disease severity, gene flow, and the origins of sickle cell mutation in this region. materials and methods: a total of 150 subjects was investigated in two different groups for five polymorphism restriction sites of t...

In case-control studies, genetic associations for complex diseases may be probed either with single-locus tests or with haplotype-based tests. Although there are different views on the relative merits and preferences of the two test strategies, haplotype-based analyses are generally believed to be more powerful to detect genes with modest effects. However, a main drawback of haplotype-based ass...

A new test of inheritance, S, is proposed, which uses information from affected as well as unaffected siblings in the fam­ ily. The siblings are analyzed in terms of similarities of haplotypes. The distribution of the proposed S­test is derived under the null hypothesis of random inheritance. Mean and variance are obtained for the distribution. The test is then applied to data sets publ...