The passive haemagglutination and bentonite flocculation tests were compared for detecting plant viruses, using antibody-sensitized tanned red cells or bentonite particles. Parsnip yellow fleck, raspberry ringspot, turnip yellow mosaic, narcissus mosaic, potato X and tobacco rattle viruses were detected by both tests in purified preparations and, where studied, in crude plant extracts. The high...

In the course of studying the properties of several viruses pathogenic for suckling mice (Stanley and Hayes, 1950; Stanley et al., 1951), it was found necessary to attempt to purify certain strains to determine if virus, free from large amounts of non-virus protein, could be used in haemagglutination or complement-fixation tests. This paper describes the purification procedures adopted with thr...

A woman who had had high titres of rubella antibodies some months before she became pregnant gave birth to an infant in whom congenital rubella was confirmed at 4 months. Rubella haemagglutination inhibition tests, complement fixation tests, and immunofluorescence tests with anti-human IgG were carried out on sera from the mother. Rubella antibody titres in sera obtained in March 1971, seven an...

Haemagglutination reactions for the diagnosis of syphilis were first reported by Blumenthal (1932) and Bachmann (1932), who used an extract of syphilitic liver as the antigen. However, the test yielded both false positive and false negative reactions, rendering it of no diagnostic value. An agglutination test with suspensions of Reiter treponemes was used for testing cerebrospinal fluid by Roem...

Sera from 48 Kenyan Africans with rheumatoid arthritis, 43 patients with other diseases, and 98 blood donors were tested for the presence of rheumatoid factor by latex fixation tests using human European, human African, and rabbit immunoglobulin, and a sheep cell haemagglutination test. In the patients with rheumatoid arthritis the frequency of rheumatoid factor was comparable to that reported ...

An ELISA method was developed for the measurement of toxoplasma IgG antibodies in human serum using antigen-coated polystyrene beads as a solid phase and anti human IgG-horse radish peroxidase conjugate as an enzymatic tracer. In order to assess ELISA sensitivity and specificity, a between methods comparison was made using 'conventional' serological tests as reference (dye-test, crossover-linke...

Passive haemagglutination of erythrocytes sensitized with antigen is an extremely sensitive method for the detection of antibody. Its application to the serological diagnosis of syphilis was first reported by Rathlev (1965, 1967), using a haemagglutination technique for the detection of specific antitreponemal antibody in which formolized tanned sheep cells sensitized with ultrasonicated materi...