background: the association between maternal smoking and poor pregnancy outcome, which is well established in medi­cal literature, has also been corroborated by the results of this study conducted in a turkish hospital. our objective was to investi­gate the effects of cigarette smoking during pregnancy on infant head circumference, height, weight, and body mass in­dex (bmi). methods: in this re...

background :growth retardation in children is a result of nutritional ignorance, inappropriate care, and inadequate monitoring of growth monitoring. this study was performed to assess the effect of mothers education program based on the precede model on the mean weight of children (6-12 months) at health centers in shiraz, fars province.   methods : this quasi experimental study was conducted o...

background: intrauterine growth retardation (iugr) contributes significantly to fetal morbidity and mortality, but its etiology is unknown in most cases. objective: the aim of this study was to examine the association between inherited thrombophilia and iugr. materials and methods: a case-control study was performed in a tertiary referral center (afzalipour hospital) over 2-years period (2010-2...

introduction low birth weight (lbw) is the most common cause of neonatal death in developing countries. the objective of our study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with low birth weight in ardabil, iranfrom 2010 to 2011.methods in a case–control study all live newborns were weighted without clothing using a standard calibrated scale. gestational age was calculated usi...

background: in this study, we evaluated the protective effects of water hyacinth root powder (hrp) on arsenic-mediated toxic effects in mice. methods: swiss albino mice, used in this study, were divided into four different groups (for each group n=5). the control group was supplied with normal feed and water, arsenic group (as-group) was supplied with normal feed plus arsenic (sodium arsenite)-...

conclusions we revealed that thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy was associated with iugr and low apgar score even in subclinical forms. further studies are required to determine whether early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases, even in subclinical form, can prevent their adverse effect on fetus. background maternal thyroid function alters during pregnancy. inadequate adaptation to th...

The study reported here classified 9,660 newborn infants delivered at a maternal and child health center in Mexico City by length of gestation, presence or absence of growth retardation, and (in the case of growth-retarded infants) proportionate or disproportionate growth retardation in terms of the infants' weight and length. It was found that preterm infants (delivered before 38 weeks of gest...

Abstract Introduction Placenta is the maternal–foetal contact zone. The placentas of ‘idiopathic’ intrauterine growth retardation babies may hold the key to the aetiology of growth restriction. It was noted by most workers that in cases of intrauterine growth retardation placentas, there were some abnormal positions of insertion of umbilical cords, placental weight and volume was significantly ...