Acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines continues to be one of the most significant environmental problems. Remediation of AMD requires an addition of lime source to decrease the acidity, and grouting the entire mine and encapsulating the pyrite by calcium-rich additives is often employed. Utilization of alkaline coal combustion by-products (CCBs) has gained acceptance in such remedi...

One of the main issues involved during tunnel construction with tunnel boring machines is the tail gap grouting. This gap is between the external diameter of tunnel lining and the excavation boundary that is filled with high-pressure grouting materials. In this work, three different approaches of gap grouting modeling in the FLAC3D software are investigated with a special attention to the...

In this study, four types of grout were developed to evaluate the effect of grouting of saturated riprap layers on ground water flow. The developed types of grout are divided into a quick-setting type and a general-type, and also into high and low viscosities. A number of grout tests were performed in a model acrylic chamber, 0.4 m in diameter and 2.0 m in length, for visual observation of inje...

To improve the corrosion protection provided to prestressing strands, anti-bleed grouts are used to fill voids in post-tensioning ducts that result from bleeding and shrinkage of older portland cement grouts. Environmental differences caused by exposing the strands to dissimilar grouts, however, have the potential to cause rapid corrosion. Portland cement grout, gypsum grout, and four commercia...

Chemical grout use began seriously some thirty years ago with the use of only a few types; silicates, acrylamide, epoxy, and some fatty acid derivates. Since then, the kinds of grout have proliferated with some of the originals still there, others dropping out entirely, and still others changing in type. This paper is about the current uses of chemical grouts, the economics of product use, and ...

Bio-grout, a new ground improvement method, has been recently developed to improve the mechanical properties, decrease the permeability of porous materials, reinforce or repair cementitious materials and modify the properties of soil or sand. Bio-grout production depends on microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP), which is driven mainly by an enzyme, urease. However, urease-based MICP ...

A vertical geothermal probe consists of two or four polyethylene tubes U-shaped, used for circulating the coolant between the heat pump and the ground. It is installed in a deep borehole and sealed in a special grout, a kind of liquid cement, used to seal the borehole, and avoid the presence of air bags between the probe and the ground. Moreover, the grout provides a heat transfer medium betwee...

Near-surface mounted (NSM) bars have been used for flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete members. The data available on this type of reinforcement technique are limited and typically, the bars or strips are embedded using an epoxy. Long term durability, abrasion resistance, and compatibility of the repair are important issues with this type of repair. One untested option for embedding t...

Three Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) including Grid Partitioning (GP), Subtractive Clustering (SCM) and Fuzzy C-means clustering Methods (FCM) have been used to predict the groutability of granular soil samples with cement-based grouts. Laboratory data from related available in litterature was used for the tests. Several parameters were taken into account in the proposed models: water:ce...

The paper provides a critical appraisal of the events surrounding the unexpected settlement of large-diameter monopile foundations for offshore wind energy converters, and will detail experimentation that is to be undertaken to determine the extent of the wear failure mode in such structures. The potential for wear deterioration at the grout-steel interface has been caused by the lack of axial ...