This paper presents a detailed manufacturing model that can be used for grinding a ball-end mill using 5-axis CNC (computer numerical controlled) grinding machine. The profile of the helical groove can be calculated exactly using the given wheel profile and relative movements between the workpiece and the grinding wheel. The proposed model is related to some analytical, differential geometry an...

this study investigates the influence of some chemical additives such as methanol, ethanol, sodium oleat, chloroform and sodium hexametaphosphate (shmp) on the dry fine grinding of calcite (x50= 33 µm) using a stirred media mill. the experiments were carried out by a batch operation, and the change in colour properties (ry, whiteness and yellowness) of calcite powder. the results showed that th...

Semi-Autogenous Grinding mills can be optimized for maximum ore throughput or maximum grinding energy efficiency. In both cases, precise control of the mill weight is critical. Model predictive control provides an additional tool to improve the control of Semi-Autogenous Grinding mills and is often able to reduce process variability beyond the best performance that can be obtained with proporti...

To facilitate the manufacturing of a ball-end mill, this paper presents an algorithm for ball-end mills gashing by using a five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) grinding machine. In this study, the normal helix models are proposed. Then, based on the cutting edge geometric model and the machining mode of the five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) grinding machine, the coordinate of the...

Modeling for the ball mill grinding process is still an imperative but difficult problem for the optimal control of mineral processing industry. Due to the integrated complexities of grinding process (strong nonlinearity, unknown mechanisms, multivariable, time varying parameters, etc.), a hybrid intelligent dynamic model is presented in this paper, which includes a phenomenological ball mill g...

High energy ball mills are used to grind powder material down to a particle size below one micron. Up to now, the detailed physical mechanisms of the grinding process inside the mill have not been fully understood. Hence, the design of these mills as well as their process parameters is based on empirical results. The ball mill has been simulated by discrete event simulation (DES) using typical ...

This paper examines the design of comminution circuits and the issues that impact on comminution circuit efficiency. Circuit efficiency is discussed, principally from the perspective of power efficiency. However, operating efficiency, maintenance efficiency, capital expenditure and return on investment are often the key efficiency factors in project development outweighing power efficiency cons...

Modifying blasting practices to achieve a more suitable mill feed size – which varies according to the crushing/grinding circuit – can achieve up to a 30% increase in throughput. Following an initial benchmarking of an operation’s practices, SRK can advise on how value-added blasting will deliver improvements in both mill capacity and overall consistency of performance. SRK employs modelling to...

The parameters of mill load (ML) not only represent the load of the ball mill, but also determine the grinding production ratio (GPR) of the grinding process. In this paper, a novel soft sensor approach based on multi-spectral segments partial least square (PLS) model and on-line adaptive weighted fusion algorithm is proposed to estimate the ML parameters. At first, frequency spectrums of the s...

Mill load is an important equipment index which is closely related to operating efficiency, product quality and energy consumption of grinding process. Due to high dimension and collinearity of spectral data, mill load model has high complexity, poor interpretability and generalization. A soft sensor modeling method of mill load parameters is proposed based on frequency spectrum feature using S...