To capture the uncertainty of information or knowledge in information systems, various information granulations, also known as knowledge granulations, have been proposed. Recently, several axiomatic definitions of information granulation have been introduced. In this paper, we try to improve these axiomatic definitions and give a universal construction of information granulation by relating inf...

PURPOSE To investigate the imaging characteristics, prevalence, and clinical significance of arachnoid granulations in the transverse and sigmoid venous sinuses. METHODS We reviewed the imaging findings, clinical signs and symptoms, final diagnoses, and follow-up studies of 32 patients with 41 probable arachnoid granulations. RESULTS On CT scans, arachnoid granulations appear as well-define...

3 Information Retrieval 8 3.1 Basic Issues and Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2 Document Space Granulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.3 Query (User) Space Granulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.4 A Unified Probabilistic Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.5 Term Space Granulations . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Hierarchy plays a crucial role in the development of the granular computing(GrC). Presently, a lot of hierarchies have been studied for characterizing the finer or coarser relationships among information granulations, which are derived from the crisp binary relations. To further improve the existing results, not only the fuzzy information granulations derived from the fuzzy binary relations are...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of dural sinus thrombosis include the presence of arachnoid granulations, intrasinus fibrotic bands (so-called septa), and hypoplasia or aplasia of the dural sinuses. The purpose of this study was to assess the appearance, distribution, and prevalence of arachnoid granulations and septa in the dural sinuses by using a high resolutio...

Arachnoid granulations are rarely seen on high-resolution CT (HRCT) at the posterior temporal bone wall, where they appear as erosions, without bone spicules and often with a lobulated surface. Differential diagnosis includes endolymphatic sac tumor, paraganglioma, chordoma, and chondromatous and metastatic tumors. MR imaging can confirm the diagnosis because arachnoid granulations behave like ...

This paper examines granulation structures for stratified rough set approximations. With respect to different level of granulations, various approximations are obtained. Two special types of granulation structures are investigated. A nested sequence of granulations by equivalence relations leads to a nested sequence of rough set approximations. A hierarchical granulation, characterized by a spe...