The presence of antibiotics in the environment and their subsequent impact on resistance development has raised concerns globally. Hospitals are a major source of antibiotics released into the environment. To reduce these residues, research to improve knowledge of the dynamics of antibiotic release from hospitals is essential. Therefore, we undertook a study to estimate seasonal and temporal va...

background: this study aimed to survey a total five common human and veterinary antibiotics, including ampicillin, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, tylosin, and ciprofloxacin based on spe-lc-ms-ms technology in a wastewater treatment plant at central plateau of iran. also two sampling techniques, passive and grab samplings were compared in the detection of selected antibiotics. methods: in februa...

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to survey a total of five common human and veterinary antibiotics based on SPE-LC-MS-MS technology in a water treatment plant at central plateau of Iran. Also two sampling techniques, passive and grab samplings, were compared in the detection of selected antibiotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS In January to March 2012, grab and passive samples were taken from the infl...

Measuring suspended sediment in fluvial systems is critical to understanding and managing water resources. Sampling has been the primary means of sediment. Specialized samplers, sampling methods, laboratory methods developed by select U.S. Federal Agencies are more representative river stream conditions than commonly used grab total solids (TSS) but not widely because they expensive, time consu...

Experiments were conducted to compare litter sampling methods for the detection of Salmonella. In experiment 1, chicks were challenged orally with a suspension of naladixic acid-resistant Salmonella and wing banded, and additional nonchallenged chicks were placed into each of 2 challenge pens. Nonchallenged chicks were placed into each nonchallenge pen located adjacent to the challenge pens. At...

Objectives of this project were to demonstrate improved data quality for metal constituents in surface soils on military training ranges and to develop a methodology that would result in the same or lower cost. The demonstration was conducted at two inactive small-arms ranges at Fort Eustis, VA, and Kimama Training Site (TS), ID, and at one active smallarms range at Fort Wainwright, AK. The sam...

Science-based sampling methodologies are needed to enhance water quality characterization for setting appropriate water quality standards, developing Total Maximum Daily Loads, and managing nonpoint source pollution. Storm event sampling, which is vital for adequate assessment of water quality in small (wadeable) streams, is typically conducted by manual grab or integrated sampling or with an a...