BACKGROUND Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver toxicity remains the key factor limiting the clinical application of APAP, and herbs are the important sources for isolation of compounds preventing APAP-induced toxicity. AIMS To investigate the protection mechanism of glycyrrhetinic acid towards APAP-induced liver damage using metabolomics method. METHODS APAP-induced liver toxicity model was ...

acute leukemia is characterized by the accumulation of neoplastic cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. currently, chemotherapy and differentiating agents have been used for the treatment of leukemia. recently, plant extracts, either alone or in combination with chemo agents, have been proposed to be used for the treatment of cancers. the aim of the present research was to study the cy...

Defects in mitochondrial function have been shown to participate in the induction of neuronal cell injury. The aim of the present study was to assess the preventive effect of licorice compounds glycyrrhizin and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid against the toxicity of parkinsonian neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in relation to the mitochondria-mediated cell death process and role of oxid...

Active components of complementary/alternative medicines and natural supplements are often anionic compounds and flavonoids. As such, organic anion transporters (OATs) may play a key role in their pharmacokinetic and pharmacological profiles, and represent sites for adverse drug-drug interactions. Therefore, we assessed the inhibitory effects of nine natural products, including flavonoids (cate...

Cortisol is involved in the distribution and deposition of fat, and its action is regulated by the activity of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Glycyrrhetinic acid, the active principle of licorice root, blocks 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, thus reducing the availability of cortisol at the level of adipocytes. We evaluated the effect of topical application of a cream containin...

Glycyrrhetinic acid, the active metabolite of glycyrrhizin, is primarily eliminated by glucuronidation reaction in vivo. In spite of the widespread clinical use of glycyrrhizin, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms involved in the glucuronidation of this drug are still unknown. This report identifies and characterizes the UGT isoforms responsible for glycyrrhetinic acid glucuronidation. I...

Glycyrrhetinic acid (Ia) and fourteen derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid were examined to estimate the antinociceptive activity (tests on writhing and vascular permeability induced by 0.7% acetic acid) and anti-type IV allergic effects in mice. Among them, three dihemiphthalate compounds (IIf, IIIc, IVc) derived from, deoxoglycyrrhetol (IIa), showed strong inhibition of writhing and dye leakage...

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is the main active component of licorice root, which has been known in traditional medicine since ancient times. It a molecule composed hydrophilic part, two glucuronic molecules, and hydrophobic glycyrrhetinic acid. GA, when subjected to hydrolysis, releases 18?- 18?-glycyrrhetinic acids. Glycyrrhetinic most responsible for pharmacological activities licorice. GA reporte...

Background and Objectives: Medicinal pastilles are soft candies made (solidified) of thick liquids containing medicinal active ingredients. Licorice and its extracts are within the most important herbal plants used in various food industries and confectionaries. The substance is effective against diseases such as bronchitis and gastric ulcers. Materials and Methods: In this study, effects of a...