the diabetes is an autoimmune disease, in which the role of autoantibodies is of a specific importance. the appearance of these autoantibodies can be the first symptom in the serum of type i diabetic patients, which may appear ten years before onset of the disease. the most important autoantibodies include glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (gad65-ab). this can be used as a good tool fo...

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an intracellular enzyme found in the presynaptic end of nerve terminals that functions to synthesize ​​gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) via decarboxylation. Autoantibodies GAD65 isoform have been high levels neurological disorders including stiff person syndrome (SPS), autoimmune encephalitis, and refractory epilepsy. Low anti-GAD65 also noted type 1 diabetes melli...

OBJECTIVE To compare the sensitivity and specificity of luciferase immunoprecipitation (LIPS) with radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) for the measurement of autoantibodies to the type 1 diabetes autoantigens glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and insulinoma-associated protein (IA)-2beta. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Sera from 49 type 1 diabetic patients and 100 nondiabetic control subjects fro...

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) mostly occurs due to the destruction of pancreatic beta cells autoimmune processes. Diagnosis T1D can be established by examining c-peptide levels and markers autoantibodies, including glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GAD-65). However, association between anti-GAD-65 toward patients’ clinical manifestations needs further explored. Hence, aim curre...

Autoimmune disease and/or autoantibodies have been reported in mood disorder patients. We screened for autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), gastric H+/K+ ATPase (ATP4B), and Ro52 in a psychiatric patient cohort. A 24-year-old woman with major depressive disorder (MDD) with reduced psychomotor activity was identified with unusually high serum GAD65 and...

Background: a metabolic condition characterized by failure in the metabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates that is brought on problems with insulin production. When multiple autoantibodies, such as those against glutamic acid decarboxylase, are present different antigens, type 1 diabetes present. Objective: To estimate Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies assessment HbA1c DM. Met...

Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and autoantibodies specific for GAD65 (GADA) are associated with autoimmune diseases including Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) and Type 1 diabetes (T1D). GADA is recognized as a biomarker of value for clinical diagnosis and prognostication in these diseases. Nonetheless, it remains medically interesting to develop sensitive and specific assays to detect GAD65 ...

The clinical onset of autoimmune (type 1) diabetes is associated with multiple immune abnormalities. First, the islets of Langerhans are infiltrated with macrophages and CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. This islet inflammation, or insulitis, is related to a major loss of islet β cells. In addition, the onset is strongly associated with autoantibodies against specific islet cell autoantigens. In parti...

To study the antigens involved in the islet cell antibody (ICA) reaction we selected 30 patient serum samples (ten in each group) positive for ICA and one other additional autoantibody, such as glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), thyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2A) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA). The serum samples were incubated with the specific antigen (GAD65, IA-2 or insulin...