BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dehydration of resin-modified glass ionomer powder/liquid system, resin-modified glass ionomer paste/paste luting cements in three different quantities and to compare them with a conventional glass ionomer luting cement using confocal laser scanning microscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS A conventional glass ionomer (Group I), a re...

This study investigates the dissolution behavior as well as the surface biomineralization in simulated body fluid (SBF) of a paste composed of glycerol (gly) and a bioactive glass in the system CaO-MgO-SiO₂-Na₂O-P₂O₅-CaF₂ (BG). The synthesis of the bioactive glass in an alumina crucible has been shown to significantly affect its bioactivity due to the incorporation of aluminum (ca. 1.3-1.4 wt %...

To evaluate and compare the solubility and sorption of orthodontic bonding cements after immersion in different solutions, five different cements were used: a fluoride-containing resin composite, a light-cured glass ionomer cement, a light-cured resin composite, a paste-paste chemically cured resin composite, and a liquid-paste chemically cured resin composite. Five different solutions were emp...

Plasmon-assisted energy conversion is investigated in a comparative study of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) equipped with photo-anodes, which are fabricated by forming gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) on an fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass surface by means of dry plasma reduction (DPR) and coating TiO₂ paste onto the modified FTO glass through a screen printing method. As a ...

We report a simple method of preparation of carbon paste ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) for use as probe tips in scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Carbon paste UMEs were prepared by packing the carbon paste into a chemically etched tip of a Pt-UME or a pulled glass capillary. Carbon-based UMEs are attractive in micrometer to nanometer gap experiments and in electrodeposition of single me...

The screen-printed silver (Ag) thick-film is the most widely used front side contact in industrial crystalline silicon solar cells. The front contacts have the roles of efficiently contacting with the silicon (Si) and transporting the photogenerated current without adversely affecting the cell properties and without damaging the p-n junction. Although it is rapid, has low cost and is simplicity...

Continuous cost reduction of silicon-based solar cells is needed to lower the process time and increase efficiency. To achieve lower costs, screen-printed texture-barrier (SPTB) paste was first developed for single-side texturization (ST) of the interdigitated back-contact (IBC) for silicon-based solar cell applications. The SPTB paste was screen-printed on silicon substrates. The SPTB paste wa...

Effective and cost favorable procedures for hermetical encapsulation of MEMS-structures on wafer level can be fabricated by wafer bonding technologies like the seal glass bonding and by suitable connection technologies routing the electrical potential through the chip structure. Within the paper the parameters of the print and bonding process will be presented and the print process limits will ...

Handling highly concentrated solid-liquid two-phase fluids in microfluidics is challenging. In this paper, we present the first studies of flowing solder paste with a high solid content in a transparent high-pressure tolerant glass chip, thereby increasing the understanding of how multiphase liquids with high density difference between the phases behave in small channels (840 μm in diameter). T...