background: mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate and divide to other cell types. transplantation of these cells to the different organs is used for curing various diseases. objective: the aim of this research was whether mscs transplantation could treat the sterile testes. materials and methods: in this experimental study, donor mscs were isolated from...

Background: Cryopreservation of oocytes, which is an interesting procedure to conserve female gametes, is an essential part of reproductive biotechnology. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of cumulus cells on survival,in vitro maturation,fertilization and subsequent developmental capacity of mouse germinal vesicle stage oocytes during vitrification. Materials and...

Background: Nanosilver (NS) contains silver nanoparticles to control infections delivered from bacteria. The NS compounds as well as being toxic to prokaryotes are highly toxic to mammalian cells. The present study was evaluated the effect of colloidal NS on leydig cells glucose transporter type I (GLUT I) expression, serum level of testosterone, germinal cells RNA damage and spermiogenesis pro...

Background: Despite several studies many questions remain regarding how varicocele develops its adverse effect on testicular tissue. Spermatogenesis cell lineage needs carbohydrates as a main source of energy for cell division. Any disruption in glucose transporting system in seminiferous tubules results in remarkable decrease in germinal cells biological function. Therefore present study was c...

Background: Nano-particle Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is a noncombustible, odorless powder that is widely used in different fields of industries. Previous reports showed that chronic exposure to TiO2 adversely impacts the testicular tissue and down-regulates the antioxidant capacity and down-regulates the endocrine status of the testicles. Present study was designed in order to identify the role of...

Background: Atrazine (ATR), an herbicide, is used in order to control broadleaf and grassy weed. ATR has been estimated to impact the testicular tissue both by inhibiting the endocrine system and partly by reducing the antioxidant status. Thus, current study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of vitamin E and testosterone against ATR-induced damages in testicular tissue. Materials a...

Childhood is a critical period for the development of the memory B-lymphocyte repertoire necessary in protective humoral immunity. This study addressed the natural history of memory B cells based on the previous identification of germinal center and mantle zone cells as the probable precursor and mature memory cell populations, respectively. Using flow cytometric quantitation of these B-cell su...

background noise pollution causes of apoptosis in germinal cells of testes. this study investigated the effects of honey and vitamin e administration on the process of apoptosis in cells of the germinal testis of rats exposed to noise stress. material and methods in this study, 24 male wistar rats randomly grouped as: 1 (honey + noise stress), 2 (vitamin e + noise stress) 3 (noise stress) and g...

Exceptionally germinal center formation can be induced without T cell help by polysaccharide-based antigens, but these germinal centers involute by massive B cell apoptosis at the time centrocyte selection starts. This study investigates whether B cells in germinal centers induced by the T cell-independent antigen (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) conjugated to Ficoll undergo hypermutation i...

Germinal centers in lymphoid tissue are the sites of generation of memory B cells undergoing isotype switching and somatic mutation in their Ig genes. Their formation cannot be induced by stimuli other than immunogenic ones. It seems likely that in the function and possibly also in the formation of germinal centers, one important factor is the localization of immune complexes with fixed complem...