introduction: neurotrophins, as a family of proteins, are responsible for induction of the survival, development, and function of neurons. also, neurotropic factors are growth factors like neurotrophins that help neurons survive. moreover, neurotrophins differentiate between progenitor cells so that neurons are formed. despite the fact that the majority of mammalian brain neurons are produced p...

background: bone morphogenetic protein 2 (bmp- 2) belongs to the tgf-β superfamily of proteins and plays an important role in the development of bone and cartilage. bmp- 2 is also associated with maintenance and repair of damaged bone. recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhbmp- 2) is now produced by genetic engineering techniques and used in treatment of thin bone fractures in the j...

Background: Pseudomonas protein expression in E. coli is known to be a setback due to signifi cant genetic variation and absence of several genetic elements in E. coli for regulation and activation of Pseudomonas proteins. Modifi cations in promoter/repressor system and shuttle plasmid maintenance have made the expression of stable and active Pseudomonas protein possible in bot...

A novel version of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms for solving continuous space problems is presented in this paper. The basic structure and concepts of the originally reported ACO are preserved and adaptation of the algorithm to the case of continuous space is implemented within the general framework. The stigmergic communication is simulated through considering certain direction vect...

Objective(s): Neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) hold a great potential for delivery of therapeutic agents into the injured regions of the brain. Efficient gene delivery using NS/PCs may correct a genetic defect, produce therapeutic proteins or neurotransmitters, and modulate enzyme activation. Here, we investigated the efficiency of a recombinant lentivirus vector ...