The development of spontaneous gender stereotyping in children was investigated using the newly developed Action Interference Paradigm (AIP). This task consists of assigning gender-stereotypical toys as quickly as possible to boys and girls in either a stereotype-congruent or a stereotype-incongruent manner. A pilot study with 38 children (mean age 5.1 years) provided evidence for spontaneous g...

This experiment examined the eVects of implicit gender-math stereotyping and implicit gender and math identiWcation on women’s math performance under stereotype threat and reduced threat conditions. Results showed that of the three, only implicit gender-math stereotyping moderated stereotype threat eVects on women’s math performance: women who showed less implicit math-gender stereotyping showe...

Gender affects performance on a variety of cognitive tasks, and this impact may stem from socio-cultural factors such as gender stereotyping. Here we systematically manipulated gender stereotype messages on a social cognition task on which no initial gender gap has been documented. The outcome reveals: (i) Stereotyping affects both females and males, with a more pronounced impact on females. Ye...

An important part of understanding women's and men's attitudes and behaviors is considering their ideas and opinions. Based on gender stereotyping of view women and men have different types of behavior, manner and characteristics. Both genders do their jobs differently. Stereotyping  process focuses on ability and characteristics of women, and men are lack of them. On the other hand, it also f...

•Application rates to surgery by medical students have declined in recent years.•More hands-on experience, information and mentorship is needed in medical schools.•Within surgery, gendered stereotyping of roles and environments must be challenged.•Reform of the current systems of outcome reporting is necessary.

Although past research has explored the association between media of many forms (e.g., TV, music, advertising) and sexual socialization, books are 1 form of media that has largely been ignored with respect to this topic. The current study examined the relationship between lifetime exposure to different genres of text and sexual attitudes, including gender role stereotyping and sexual conservati...