objective: argemone mexicana is a papaveracea plant; some reports have shown their antibacterial, anti-cancer, sedative and probably anti-anxiety properties. from their aerial parts, flavonoids and alkaloids have been isolated, which are intrinsically related to some actions on the central nervous system. the aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiolytic-like effects of the plant, using its ...

In the present study, the effects of excitation and inhibition of GABAA and GABAB receptor subtypes on the expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) were investigated. For this purpose, male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were used in the experiments. Five days after surgical cannulation in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), different doses of morphine were injected into the ani...

In the present study, the effects of intracuneiformis nucleus microinjection of gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptor agonist and antagonist on antinociception inducced by morphine were investigated with formalin test in rat. Intracuneiformis nucleus microinjection of morphine (10µgr/rat) and Bicuculline (50, 100 ng/rat) induced antinociception in the both first and second phases of formali...

Background: Estradiol and progesterone as well as hippocampal GABAA receptors are believed to play a role in the modulation of pain. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of intrahippocampal injections of GABAA receptor agonist (muscimol) and GABAA receptor antagonist (picrotoxin) on pain sensitivity during estrous cycle. Methods: Pain sensitivity was evaluated in rats ...

Introduction: Estradiol is a neuroactive steroid, which is found in several brain areas such as locus coeruleus (LC). Estradiol modulates nociception by binding to its receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membranebound receptors like glutamate and GABAA receptors. LC is involved in noradrenergic descending pain modulation. Methods: In order to study the effect of 17β-estra...

introduction: estradiol is a neuroactive steroid, which is found in several brain areas such as locus coeruleus (lc). estradiol modulates nociception by binding to its receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membranebound receptors like glutamate and gabaa receptors. lc is involved in noradrenergic descending pain modulation. methods: in order to study the effect of 17β-estradio...

background: estradiol and progesterone as well as hippocampal gabaa receptors are believed to play a role in the modulation of pain. the aim of present study was to investigate the effect of intrahippocampal injections of gabaa receptor agonist (muscimol) and gabaa receptor antagonist (picrotoxin) on pain sensitivity during estrous cycle. methods: pain sensitivity was evaluated in rats by forma...

Fear can be considered as a functional defense behavior to protect living beings against dangerous situation. In our studies we have investigated the fear behavior in rats in elevated plus maze .The increase in two parameters percent of open arm entries (%OAE) and percent of time spent in the open arms (% OAT) and decrease in the percent of time spent in closed arm (%CAT) was considered as fear...

Fear can be considered as a functional defense behavior to protect living beings against dangerous situation. In our studies we have investigated the fear behavior in rats in elevated plus maze .The increase in two parameters percent of open arm entries (%OAE) and percent of time spent in the open arms (% OAT) and decrease in the percent of time spent in closed arm (%CAT) was considered as fear...

introduction: the bed nucleus stria terminalis (bst) is a part of the limbic system. it was recently shown that chemical stimulation of the bst by l-glutamate elicited cardiovascular depressive responses. in the present study, we have investigated the possible cardiovascular role of the gabaergic receptors in bst by microinjection of its agonist and antagonists. methods: experiments were perfor...