futures contract is one of the most important derivatives that is used in financial markets in all over the world to buy or sell an asset or commodity in the future. pricing of this tool depends on expected price of asset or commodity at the maturity date. according to this, theoretical futures pricing models try to find this expected price in order to use in the futures contract. so in this ar...

Futures contract is one of the most important derivatives that is used in financial markets in all over the world to buy or sell an asset or commodity in the future. Pricing of this tool depends on expected price of asset or commodity at the maturity date. According to this, theoretical futures pricing models try to find this expected price in order to use in the futures contract. So in this ar...

A futures contract is an agreement between a seller and a buyer that calls for the seller to deliver to the buyer a specified quantity and grade of an identified commodity, at a fixed time in the future, and at a price agreed in the contract. Stock index futures contract specify an equity index as the underlying asset. Arbitrage opportunity exists when the actual futures price deviates from the...

this paper investigates the forecasting gold coin futures contract price in iran mercantile exchange. this research has presented a hybrid model based on genetic fuzzy systems (gfs) and artificial neural network (ann) to forecast the gold futures contract, at first, we use stepwise regression analysis (sra) to determine factors which have most influence on stock prices. at the next stage we div...

Over the counter (OTC) forward contracts are regularly traded by hedgers at maturities beyond the longest-dated futures contract. The presence of seasonality in agricultural commodities creates additional uncertainty for obtaining fair prices for OTC forward contract trades beyond the liquid futures strip. This paper employs an augmented Nelson-Siegel function to obtain seasonal agricultural co...

financial derivatives are new instruments through which hedging, investment and arbitrage are done in a modern economy. although the word 'derivative'primarily reminds us of options and futures, the major focus of the equity derivatives industry worldwide is on index derivatives. launching index options and index futures in tehran stock exchange, not only increases financial market de...

This research paper investigates whether ICE futures contracts are an effective and affordable strategy to manage price risk for Canadian commodity producers in recent periods of high price volatility. Long memory in volatility is found to be present in cash and futures prices for canola and western barley. This finding is incorporated into the hedging strategy by estimating hedge ratios using ...

This study examines the impact of migration to electronic trading on the relative informational efficiency between an index futures contract and the underlying cash index. The recent move to electronic trading of the Hong Kong Hang Seng Index futures contract provides an opportunity to study how the change affects the effective bid and ask spread in the futures market and the dynamic relationsh...

This paper examines the effect of the maturity of the futures contact used as the hedging instrument on the effectiveness of futures hedging. For this purpose, daily and monthly data on the WTI crude oil futures and spot prices are used to work out the hedge ratios and the measures of hedging effectiveness resulting from using the near-month contract and those resulting from the use of a more d...