certainly the meaning-letters play an important role in arabic language, so that the correct understanding of arabic prose and poetry and also the exalted meaning of the holly quran is dependent on knowledge of these letters, their difference and guidance applications. the fundamental and important role of these letters is subject of this research. at the beginning of this paper the following q...

Due to the correspondence between the role abstraction in Role-based Access Control (RBAC) and the notion of organizational positions, it seems easy to construct role hierarchies. This is, however, a misconception. This paper argues that, in order to reflect the functional requirements, a role hierarchy becomes very complex. In a bid to simplify the design of role hierarchies suitable for the e...

The research led by Gali (AER 1999) and Basu et al. (AER 2006) raises two important questions regarding the validity of the RBC theory: (i) How important are technology shocks in explaining the business cycle? (ii) Do impulse responses to technology shocks found in the data reject the assumption of ‡exible prices? This paper argues that the conditional impulse responses of the U.S. economy to t...

We present GLARF, a framework for representing three linguistic levels and systems for generating this representation. We focus on a logical level, like LFG’s F-structure, but compatible with Penn Treebanks. While less finegrained than typical semantic role labeling approaches, our logical structure has several advantages: (1) it includes all words in all sentences, regardless of part of speech...

This paper identifies a new source of business-cycle fluctuations. Namely, a common stochastic trend in neutral and investment-specific productivity. We document that in U.S. postwar quarterly data total factor productivity (TFP) and the relative price of investment are cointegrated. We show theoretically that TFP and the relative price of investment are cointegrated if and only if neutral and ...

Workflow systems are often associated with Business Process Re-engineering (BPR). This paper argues that the functional access control requirements in workflow systems are rooted in the scope of a BPR project. A framework for access control in Workflow Systems is developed. The framework suggests that existing Role-based Access Control (RBAC) mechanisms can be used as a foundation in workflow s...