Friction stir lap welding (FSLW) raises the possibility of fabricating high-performance aluminum components at low cost and high efficiency. In this study, we mainly applied FSLW to fabricate multi-track 2024 aluminum alloy without using tool tilt angle, which is important for obtaining defect-free joint but significantly increases equipment cost. Firstly, systematic single-track FSLW experimen...

Many bacterial pathogens promote biofilms that confer resistance against stressful survival conditions. Likewise Vibrio cholerae O1, the causative agent of cholera, and ubiquitous in aquatic environments, produces vps-dependent biofilm conferring resistance to environmental stressors and predators. Here we show that a 49-bp deletion mutation in the flrA gene of V. cholerae N16961S strain result...

Al/Cu dissimilar joining is a key technology for reducing the weight and cost of electrical components. In this study, friction stir lap welding (FSLW) Ni-containing Al alloy to pure Cu was performed, effects addition Ni on weld strength interfacial microstructure were examined. A thin intermetallic compound (IMC) layer observed at interface produced by FSLW. The 3 at.% effectively improved str...

In this study, arc and friction stir hybrid welding (AFSHW) was proposed to weld aluminum-steel dissimilar metals in attempt realize high quality joining. Firstly, an interlayer produced on galvanized steel by using bypass current-metal inert gas (BC-MIG), then aluminium plate jointed via Friction lap (FSLW). The effects of tool pin length FSLW times the microstructure mechanical properties joi...

In response to antibiotic and/or environmental stress, some species of bacteria shift to a "persister" phenotype. Although toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, responsible for the disease cholera, can be found in nutrient-poor aquatic environments in endemic areas, the underlying mechanism(s) by which culturable cells persist in these environmental reservoirs is largely unknown. Here we report that intro...

Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, ubiquitous in aquatic environments, is responsible for cholera; humans can become infected after consuming food and/or water contaminated with the bacterium. The underlying basis of persistence of V. cholerae in the aquatic environment remains poorly understood despite decades of research. We recently described a "persister" phenotype of V. cholerae that survived in n...

The evolution of microstructure and texture during friction stir lap welding (FSLW) TIMETAL 21S (β-type Ti-15Mo-3Nb-3Al-0.2Si, wt%) sheets were investigated through electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Excellent grain refinement is obtained zone (SZ) thickness (1.2–1.8 μm). the thermomechanically affected (TMAZ) characterized by elongated deformed grains surrounded small recrystallized indi...

this study focused on the optimization of al—mg to cuzn34 friction stir lap welding (fslw) process for optimal combination of rotational and traverse speeds in order to yield favorable fracture load using grey relational analysis (gra). first, the degree of freedom was calculated for the system. then, the experiments based on the target values and number of considered levels, corresponding orth...