nano sulfated titania was tested as solid acid heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 4-(trifluoromethyl) coumarin and coumarin derivatives under solvent-free condition. factorial design evidenced a positive effect of reaction temperature, amount of catalyst, and solvents.  this nano-sized sulfated titania has been prepared by a sol-gel hydrothermal process. the prepared sulfated titania s...

one-pot preparation of 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles has been conducted in the presence of poly(4-vinylpyridinium butane sulfonic acid) hydrogen sulfate, p(4vpbsa)hso4, as an efficient dual acidic catalyst under solvent-free conditions. reusability of the catalyst, easy work-up procedure, eco-friendly reaction conditions, short reaction times and high yields of th...

a simple and green chemical procedure was reported for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones from various aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate and urea or thiourea using  holmium chloride as catalyst. the reactions were performed under solvent free conditions with ultrasound irradiation as the energy source. the advantages of this protocol include the excellent yield, operational simplicity, short tim...

the cross-coupling reaction between phenylboronic acid and various types of aryl halides (suzuki reaction) was carried out using a catalytic amount of a new palladium catalyst (1-benzyl-3-(1-benzyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-yl) pyridin-1-ium palladium chloride [dbnt][pdcl4]) in poly (ethylene glycol) (peg-200) in the presence of koh as the base. this new catalyst was synthesized and characteri...

the chemistry of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines began to develop toward the end of 1893 year, when the first representatives of this class compounds were reported by p. biginelli. despite prior reports of several really effective catalytic and non-catalytic approaches towards biginelli-type products, an overwhelming number of new catalysts for the biginelli reaction have been recently publ...

a variety of alcohols readily add to 3,4-dihydro-2h-pyran under solvent free conditions in the presence of catalytic amount of acidic ionic liquid [et3n(ch2)4so3h][ots] to afford the corresponding tetrahydropyranyl ethers in good to excellent yields at room temperature. the use of this procedure allows easy separation of the desired products from ionic liquid and recycling the ionic liquid. som...

sulfonated polystyrene/montmorillonite nanocomposite (ommt/ps-so3h) was prepared and used as a novel, efficient and inexpensive heterogeneous acid catalyst in the one-pot reaction three-component mannich reaction of ketones, aromatic aldehydes and amines under solvent-free conditions. the catalyst was characterized by xrd, sem, tg, bet and ft-ir techniques. this method has advantages of high yi...

bifunctional acidic ionic liquids, having both h-imidazolium and -so3h groups as cation moieties (h-bfails) and cf3so3- as anion, were synthesized in high yields. these h-bfails showed significant hydrophilic properties, lower acidity and higher thermal stability relative to common ionic liquids, due to their unique structures. the (propyl or butyl-3-sulfonic) imidazolium trifluoromethane sulfo...

an efficient and environmentally benign   method for the synthesis of aryl iodides have been developed by diazotization of aromatic amines with nano2 and nanosilica periodic acid (nano-spia) as a green catalyst via grinding followed by a sandmeyer iodination by ki under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. the ensuing aryl diazonium salts supported on nano-spia were sufficiently stable ...