Early studies reported preserved formulaic language in left hemisphere damaged subjects and reduced incidence of formulaic expressions in the conversational speech of stroke patients with right hemispheric damage. Clinical observations suggest a possible role also of subcortical nuclei. This study examined formulaic language in the spontaneous speech of stroke patients with left, right, or subc...

BACKGROUND Studies of productive language in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have focused on formal testing of syntax and semantics but have directed less attention to naturalistic discourse and formulaic language. Clinical observations suggest that individuals with AD retain the ability to produce formulaic language long after other cognitive abilities have deteriorated. AIMS This study quantifies ...

Formulaic language units, ready-made chunks and sequences ofwords, have been the subject ofa large and growing body ofresearch. Although formulaic language has been largely overlooked in favor ofmodels of language that center around the rule-governed, systematic nature of language and its use, there is increasing evidence that these multiword lexical units are integral to firstand second-langua...

Although interest in the language sciences was previously focused on newly created sentences, more recently much attention has turned to the importance of formulaic expressions in normal and disordered communication. Also referred to as formulaic expressions and made up of speech formulas, idioms, expletives, serial and memorized speech, slang, sayings, clichés, and conventional expressions, no...

The fact that formulaic expressions are consistently preserved in left hemisphere damagehas had little influence on models of language. Evidence from disordered speech, linguisticanalyses, and first and second language learning reveals that formulaic and novel expressionspattern differently. The “formuleme” (canonical form) is recognizable by native speakers ashaving stereotyped...

In human-to-human dialogue, formulaic sequences are used to minimise the effort of both speech production and perception in the conversation. In production, the speaker apparently retrieves such sequences whole from memory, without the cognitive effort required for generation from a lexicon and grammar. In perception, context determines a set of similar phrases that the listener expects to hear...