stylistic is a branch of modern linguistic which surveys and analyzes the literary styles and technical methods. formalism school is one of important modern approaches in stylistics. russian formalisms believe that only the style (frame) can determine the meaning and the concept of the context. mahmoud darvish – palestinian poet – is one of the poets who worked in modernism style. he could pres...

A brief review of the time-symmetrized quantum formalism originated by Aharonov, Bergmann and Lebowitz is presented. Symmetry of various measurements under the time reversal is analyzed. Timesymmetrized counterfactuals are introduced. It is argued that the time-symmetrized formalism demonstrates novel profound features of quantum theory and that recent criticism of the formalism is un-

the russian formalism is an approach was introduced at the beginning of 20th century and those who offered such a theory wanted to find a scientific method in literary criticism. they believed that the literary work itself should be criticized instead of its author and the literary nature of the work should be considered as the main subject.    adopting such a method, they propelled the study o...