one of the indicators of management and sustainability control of forest resources is the definition deforestation and degradation types. these factors hazard quantitative and qualitative of the iranian forests. in this study with integrated approach, different forms of forest degradation identified in the forest areas with a reviews of library resources and then investigation the degree of sta...

Forest tree hybrid zones provide a wealth of novel genetic variation that can be harnessed to safeguard populations in changing climates. In the past 30 years, natural and artificial forest hybrid zones have facilitated significant contributions to selective breeding programs, conservation, and our understanding of the evolutionary processes and mechanisms that influence the maintenance of spec...

the present study aimed to assess pure planted species (i.e., alnus subcordata l., poplus deltoids l., taxadium distichum l. rich) and a mixed natural forest (i.e., dominated by quercus castaneifolia c. a. mey. - carpinus betulus l. - parrotia persica c. a. meyer) on basis of some soil quality indices in mazandaran province, northern iran. sixteen samples per stand were taken from the top 10 cm...

BACKGROUND Forest resources supply a wide range of environmental services like mitigation of increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). As climate is changing, forest managers have added pressure to obtain forest resources by following stand management alternatives that are biologically sustainable and economically profitable. The goal of this study is to project the effect of typic...

Forest management under a changing climate requires assessing the effects of climate warming and disturbance on the composition, age structure, and spatial patterns of tree species. We investigated these effects on a boreal forest in northeastern China using a factorial experimental design and simulation modeling. We used a spatially explicit forest landscape model (LANDIS) to evaluate the effe...

Economically optimal management of a continuous cover forest is considered here. Initially, there is a large number of trees of different sizes and the forest may contain several species. We want to optimize the harvest decisions over time, using continuous cover forestry, which is denoted by CCF. We maximize our objective function, the expected present value, with consideration of stochastic p...